a -CELASTRINEE. 
The numerous species of Huonymus which are common in the 
mountainous districts of India do not appear to be used as 
a purgative by the Hindus, neither does it appear that their | 
medicinal properties have been anventigned by Buropaa 3 
physicians resident in India. . 
According to Rutherford (Phys. action of drugs on the secretion 
of Bile, 1880, p. 45), 5 grains of Euonymin mixed with a small ~ 
quantity of boiling water and placed in the duodenum of dogs, : 
powerfully stimulated the liver ; in these animals it only slightly , 
increases the intestinal secretion, but in man it is an active 
purgative. Its action on dogs was found to be almost identical — 
with that of podophyllin. The usual dose as a purgative istwo 
grains at night, followed by asaline purge in the morning, which : 
according to Rutherford should be sulphate of sodium. 3 
The inner portion of the bark of EF. tingens is of a fine yellow 7 
colour, and is used by the Hindus to make sectarial marks on 4 
the forehead. It is also used like Mdmirén to subdue inflam; : 
mation of the eyes... The wood of all the species is hard © ‘and — 
close-grained, and is used for carving spoons and other small 
articles. The vernacular name Kunkw refers to the colour of the * 
arillus so remarkable in plants of this order. Kunku is the red — 
substance used to make the small, round, red ‘spot on the 
forehead, without which the toilet of a Hindu belle would be 
incomplete. © 
Description.—The bark of FH. crenulatus is almost whe 2 
-when fresh, but acquires a pinkish-brown colour on drying 3, the 
external surface is covered by a thin suber, and marked with — | 
numerous minute transverse lenticels; on the removal of the suber 
a chocolate-coloured surface is exposed, marked with similar a 
Toate of a pale colour. Thebark breaks with a short fracture — | 
and has aclose waxy texture ; ferric chloride stains it dirty green. 3 
It is slightly astringent and not bitter. The outer surface of — 
the bark from the larger harass of EB. pendrulus is grey am and 
_ fissured in every direction ; 
goat of a bright yellow ochre colour is exposed. The w 
inner bark is of a pale chocolate colour and of close waxy te 
