484, LEGUMINOSZ.. 
and a sense of constriction of the larynx and pharynx. Several 
months afterwards he repeated the experiment with the same 
results, The poisonous principles of lupines, Ictrogen and 
Lupinotoxzin, are only developed under certain’ conditions and 
lose their poisonous properties when heated with water under — 
pressure. 
Description.—z, albus is an annual plant with palmately 
5 to 7-foliate leaves, and obovate-oblong leaflets 1 to 2 inches 
in length, smooth above and tomentose beneath; the flowers _ 
are in terminal racemes on short pedicels, white and rather — 
large; the legume is-3 to 4 inches long, flattish, and contains — 
3 to 6 depressed globular seeds having a bitter taste. f 
Chemical composition.—Baumert (Ann. Agron. April 25, 
1889), who has made a fresh examination of the seeds of the 4 
white lupine, found the watery extract to be strongly acid, and 4 
to contain malic, oxalic and citric acids. The seeds yielded to E 
. ether about 5 per cent. of a golden-yellow oil, free from bitter- — 
ness, and also a wax soluble in boiling alcohol first noticed by — 
Boyer ; these two fatty substances contain phosphorus. Lupines — 
contain no starch or inulin, but a peculiar substance related to a 
dextrine, strongly dextrogyre, and yielding with dilute mineral 2 
acids areducing sugar. ‘This body lately isolated by Steiger : 
is a white hygroscopic powder soluble in water, hardly soluble — 
in alcohol, insoluble in ether; it has been named galactane, and — 
may be regarded as a foria 8 of galactine, which Miintz obtained — 
from lucerne. The seeds also contain another carbo-hydtate — 
discovered by Schulze and Steiger which is insoluble in water, ~ 
and which when boiled with-acids is converted into galactose j ‘ : 
it has been named paragalastine. _ 
The albuminous portion of the seeds consists chiefly of con- - 
glutin with a small proportion of legumin and vegetable — 
albumin. ‘The Pees. ible from Konig’ s Nahrungs-mittel — 
gives the. average pe ge composition of fourteen samples — 
of pit lupine seeds :— : 
AAW 
Water. -..ssoveessseeses, teehee ee 12:88 
itrogenous matter , ¢: 
