amen 
- HAMAMELIDEA. bees, 
their appearance. On applying more warmth after the water 
is evaporated, all the substances unite into a transparent, dark 
brown, thick liquid, which exhibits no crystalline structure on 
cooling, or only after a very long time. Among the fragments 
of the bark occurring in the crude resin, liber fibres are fre- 
quently observable. 
Oltemicul composition.—B. Simon ( 1839) obtained from this 
balsam styrol, cinnamic acid, styracin, and two resins. In 
addition to these, W. von Miller (1876-77) found a little ben- 
zoic acid, cinnamic ethyl, and a fragrant compound melting at 
65° C., probably ethyl vanillin; in larger proportion were 
found the alcohol storesin in two modifications—the cinnamic 
ether of this alcohol and cinnamate of phenylpropyl. Styrol 
or cinnamene has the composition C8H®, and is obtained by 
distilling storax with water. The yield is very variable. It 
is a colourless, thin liquid, very refractive to light, and of a 
very fragrant odour and burning taste. It has been artificially 
obtained by heating acetylene gas, and from ethyl-benzol bro- 
“mide by heating it with baryta. Its specific gravity is 0°924, 
and it boils at 146° C.; but when heated to 200° C. itis rapidly 
converted into a polymeric compound, metacinnamene, which 
is a colourless, amorphous, tough solid of the specific gravity 
1-054, insoluble in alcohol and ether, and reconverted into 
styrol when distilled. Cimnamie acid may be obtained by 
treating storax with a solution of sodium carbonate and pre= | 
- eipitating the acid by means of hydrochloric acid. The ethers 
- are obtained from storax previously deprived of cinnamic acid’ 
by treating it with hot petroleum ~benzin, on the cooling of 
which white or colourless needles are deposited which 
require repeated treatment with hot benzin. Styracin melts 
at 38° C., and after prolonged heating congeals to a transparent 
mass, in which crystals are formed very slowly. It is styryl 
(cinnamyl) cinnamate, C°H9C°H’O?’, and when in alcoholic 
solution treated with caustic soda, or when heated with an 
aqueous solution of soda, is converted into cinnamate of sodium 
‘and cinnam-aleohol, also known as styryl alcohol and styron, 
C°H'°0. This crystallizes in colourless silky needles, has an : 
