»» THE APODOUS IIOLOTHURIANS 



Leptosynapta INH.ERENS. 



Plate V, Figs. 14, 15, 18, and 20. 



Ilolothuria inliarcns 0. F. Miiller, 1?;G, p. 232; 1788, p. 35, pi. xxxi. 



ChlriJota piniiata Grube, 1840, p. 41. 



Synapla inharens Eathke, 1843. 



Synapta dureniaa Quatrel'ages, 1842, p. 10, pis. ii-v. 



Holothuria fiava Eathke, 1843, p. 138. 



Synapla henslowana Graj', 1848, p. 12. 



Synapta tenuis Ayres, 1851, p. 11. 



Synapta girardii Pourtales, 1851, p. 14. 



Synapta pellucida Ayres, 18526, p. 214. 



Synapta duvcrnca Held, 1857, anchor and plate, pi. ii, fig. 1. 



Synapta ayresii Seleuka, 1867, p. 362. 



Synapta gracilis Selenka, 1867, p. 363. 



Synapta albicans Selenka, 1867, p. 363. 



Synapta bifaria Semper, 1868, p. 14. 



Leptosynapta tenuis Verrill, 1867, p. 325. 



Leptosynapta inhwrens Verrill, 1867, p. 325. 



Ljeptosynapta girardii Verrill, 1874a, jip. 361 and 716. 



Synapta inharens Ostergren, 1898&. 



Synapta inhcerens Clark, 18996, pis. 10 and 11. 



? Synapta albicans Clark, 19016. 



Synapta inhwrens Clark, 1901a. 



Length. — 100-300 mm., with diameter of 5-10 mm. 



Color. — White to butify yello-\\^ with more or less red pigment modifying 

 this ground color; most American specimens have little or no pigment and are 

 thus nearly pure white, while most European specimens are decidedly red. Ac- 

 cording to Ostergren (:05), they are always red, but the majority of those I 

 have from Naples are as white as those from the coast of Massachusetts. Oc- 

 casionally American specimens are colored exactly like Miiller 's (1788) figure. 

 Pacific Coast specimens, so far as known, are nearly white. 



Distribution. — Reported from a great number of stations along the coasts 

 of both Europe and North America ; also from the Red Sea and the mouth of the 

 Congo. These last two stations are almost certainly mistakes, and Ostergren 

 (:03) considers the report of its occurrence north of the Arctic Circle as 

 equally unreliable. It undoubtedly occurs on the coasts of Norway, Demuark, 

 Great Britain, France, and Italy, as there are abundant reliable records. On 

 the American Atlantic coast it ranges from Maine to South Carolina, and also 

 occurs at the Bermuda Islands, while on the Pacific coast it has been found at 

 Puget Sound, Washington, and Mendocino, Pacific Grove, and Point Loma, 

 Cal. Its occurrence on the xVlaskan coast is still open to doubt. It seems very 

 probable that it is a circumpolar species, ranging southward on the European 

 and American coasts to subtropical waters. It has not, however, been reported 

 from any part of the Asiatic coast, and it has yet to be taken in Bering Sea 

 and the North Pacific. 



