THE APODOTJS HOLOTHURIANS 121 



DisTRiBUTioivr. — Reported from Bonin Islands (Brandt) ; Bay of Manila, 

 Panaon bei Surigao, and north Lnzon (Semper) ; Singapore (Tlieel) ; Hong- 

 kong (Lampert, Ludwig) ; Sunda Straits, not Bay of Batavia (Sluiter) ; Timor 

 (lAidwig) ; Amboina (Ludwig, Sluiter) ; Japan (Ludwig) ; Ternate (von Maren- 

 zeller) ; Ceylon (Bell, Walter) ; Fiji Islands (Semper) ; Cape York, Australia 

 (Semper) ; Loyalty Islands and Blanche Bay, New Britain (Bedford) ; Tum- 

 batu (Lampert); Roepang (Lampert), and numerous places in the D. E. T. 

 (Sluiter). Apparently distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific region, except 

 perhai)s in the northwestern part. 



Remarks. — The collection and examination of such a large amount of 

 material as is indicated by the above list of localities where this species occurs 

 leaves little room for doubt that all of the Indo-Pacific Chiridotas with 16-19 

 tentacles must be referred to this one species. Semper ('68) himself was 

 skeptical about dubia and incongrua, while the numerous specimens reported in 

 the past twent}- years show clearly that p««(FHsis and vitiensis are not constantly 

 distinguishable. The last-named species is usually ascribed to Graffe, because 

 Semper ('68) attributes it to him; but Dr. Gratfe never published a word 

 about it, and Semper himself is really responsible for its description. Semper 

 says that pancensis occurs among large stones near low-water mark, but noth- 

 ing else is recorded of either habitat or habits. 



T^ENIOGYRUS Semper, 1868. 



Sigmodota Studer, 1876. 



Tentacles peltato-digitate, 10 or 12. Digits 5-7 on each side, the terminal 

 pair longest. Polian vessel single, or there may be several. No gustatory 

 organs. Ciliated funnels not in stalked clusters. Calcareous particles consist 

 of wheels collected in papillae and large sigmoid bodies about 200 ^ long scat- 

 tered in the skin; no miliary granules in either skin or longitudinal muscles. 



This seems to be a well-characterized genus intermediate between Chiridota 

 and Trochodota. The two species it contains are apparently quite distinct from 

 each other. They are confined to the southern hemisphere, but a specimen of 

 Ta?niogyrus is recorded from the Hawaiian Islands by Fisher (:07) which is 

 probably an undescribed species nearly allied to contortus. 



Key to the Species of T.?iNiOGYRDS. 



Tentacles 10; poliau vessel single; sigmoid bodies in papillse, at least dorsally. . . australianus 

 Tentacles 13 ; polian vessels 6 or 7 ; sigmoid bodies not in papillse contortus 



