58 f^'=»"<=''' 



with the penis-sheath disarranged). Pupa of the same oolour as the c^ ; more or 

 less ovate, but varying according to the age of the individual. Legs, antennae, &c., 

 clearly defined ; but no trace of wings. 



Abundant during October and November near Chester, and 

 evidently a very hardy species, as the early frosts they encountered in 

 no way lessened their numbers, or their activity. As early as 8.30 

 a.m., after four degrees of frost, I have seen the males actively 

 engaged in searching for their partners, but on the south-east side of 

 the tree trunk only ; those on the north side were apparently dormant. 

 This is the most abnormal (^ of any species of Coccidce it has been my 

 pleasure to examine, and owing to its peculiar form I had long con- 

 sidered it the full-grown larva or second stage of the ^ . The discovery 

 of the (^ pupa, which bears -^ strong resemblance to the perfect (J, and 

 has no trace of wings, is conclusive proof the insect described above 

 is an adult. 



As it is the first, and only known (^ of any species of the genus 

 yet described, its discovery is of great interest. The (^ of other 

 known species may have been similarlj' overlooked, but now that we 

 know what to look for others may turn up at any time. 



Lecanium BITUBE11CULA.TUM, Targ.-Tozz. 



^ dark or pale red, sometimes inclined to coral-red ; thoracic band much darker. 

 Eyes and ocelli black. There are two of the latter above, and two beneath. Legs 

 and antennae reddish-yellow. Wings rather short. The very slender caudal fila- 

 ments more than twice the length of the body. 



? , at period of fecundation, light red, or reddish-yellow, with four broad 

 transverse bands interrupted on the dorsum by a narrow central keel, which is of a 

 paler colour than the bands, and very shining. The four channels leading to the 

 spiracles, strongly indicated above by well defined carinae, are situated on the two 

 central bands. Margin with a much interrupted fringe of glassy material. Anal 

 cleft well defined. 



The minute size of the ? at period of fecundation is most re- 

 markable. In all the Lecania which I have hitherto seen, the ? 

 attains its full size before fecundation, and is then, as compared with 

 the (^, a huge gravid creature, more than fifty times as large as her 

 partner. 



The above descriptions are from specimens obtained at Hcacham, 

 Norfolk, July 23rd, 1895, on Cratcegus oxyacantha. The ^ and ? 

 second stage are now described for the first time ; but I should add, 

 Herr Sulc has also discovered the ^ iu Bohemia. 



For the most part the young $ occur on the branches ; but a few 

 were also found on the leaves. Those in the latter situations would 

 probably descend to the branches after fecundation. All the ^ scales 



