252 [November, 



much less do we show how to destroy them. At the same time, when 

 I have had a choice of subjects which would illustrate any particular 

 point, I have given the preference to the insects which might be 

 termed injurious. 



The models are on stands under glass shades, and are arranged on 

 a shelf ; and above each object on the wall is a frame enclosing water- 

 colour drawings of the insect, with the larva and pupa, when this 

 seemed desirable, and beneath the drawing a short account of the 

 habits of the insect. All the frames and the stands are fixed so as to 

 prevent them being interfered with by those abnormal members of the 

 public that delight in mischief ; but they are easily set free, and can 

 be shifted whenever this is necessary. 



With one or two exceptions, all the models have been made under 

 my superintendence from specimens collected by myself, and, so far 

 as possible, the drawings of the insects and their larvae have been 

 made from living or fresh specimens. 



The following is a list of the models at present exhibited, but 

 others are in hand : — 



Hazel, with buds distorted by Phytoptus avellance. 



Elm, with the leaves studded with small galls of Phytoptus ulmi. 



Maple, with leaves studded with small red galls of Phytoptus macrorhynchus. 



Birch, with buds distorted by Phytoptus betulce ; the origin of " witches' brooms." 



Black currant, with buds distorted by Phytoptus ribis. 



Lime, with nail galls formed by Phytoptus tilia. 



Wild rose, with galls of Rhodites eglantericB. 



Ground-ivy, with large galls formed in the leaves by Aylax glechomce. 



Bramble, with swelling in stem caused by Diastrophus rubi. 



Oak apples and root galls formed by Andricus terminalis and Biorhiza aptera.* 



Marble gall of Cynips Kollari. 



Oak, with silk button galls of Neuroterus numismatis. 



Oak, with spangle galls, and currant galls of Neuroterus lenticularis and Spathegas- 

 ter baccarum. 



Oak, with cherry galls of Dryophanta folii. 



Rose, showing habit of leaf-cutting bee, Megachile Willughbiella. 



Shrub, with nest of Vespa norvegica. 



Cherry, with leaves eaten by slug-worms, the larvae of Blennocampa cerasi. 



Birch, with leaves rolled by weevil, Rhynchites betulae. 



Oak, with leaves cut and rolled by a weevil, Attelabus curculionoides. 



[The manner in which this is done is explained by a drawing]. 

 Turnip, with galls of a weevil, Ceuthorhynchus sulcicollis. 

 Apple, with blossom injured by a weevil, Anthonomus pomorum. 



,.„ * ^^ t^^ Cynipida, where the alternate generations are dissimilar and the insects make 

 dmerent galls, I have, as a matter of convenience, retained the names which have been riven to 

 them. • ^ 



