1902.] 101 



strong and as obvious throughout its whole extent as that of the fore- 

 wing. In this respect it is more primitive than that of familiella. 



The pupal differences are not sufficient to give subfamily rank, 

 hardly even generic. 



The position of Grinopteryx is at about the same level as Incurvaria, 

 The structure of the pupa shows it to be almost at the same level, 

 possibly rather below Incurvaria, the second abdominal segment being 

 perhaps a little less fixed. The loss of sundry bristles is not very 

 definitive,butis an advance. Thestructure of the ovipositor is distinctly 

 further removed from that of Eriocrania than that of Incurvaria is. 

 The neuration suggests that though parallel, they are not on the same 

 line of development, the want of loop to lb. shows this, and perhaps 

 points to higher development. 



In the Adelidce (roughly equal to Dr. Spuler's Tinece AcuJeatce 

 in which however he places Nepticula and Tischeria, and some others, 

 which are not Aculeate). 



Grinopteryqince as a subfamily would be of position equal to 

 Incurvariance at base of family. The Coleophora habit of the larva is 

 its main claim to subfamily rank, separate from the Incurvariance ; 

 Phylloporiance, Antispilince, and Lamproniadce, would have an inter- 

 mediate position, with Adelidce as the highest group. 



Grinopteryx would have less claim than Incurvaria to form any 

 sort of link between Adelidce and Eriocraniadce, and though all fairly 

 close, it is as abundantly Neo-Lepidopterous, and as free from any 

 remaining characters of Paheo-Lepidoptera as any of the subfamilies 

 of Adelidx. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE II. 

 From Photographs by Mr. F. Noad Clark. 



Fig. 1— Larva, ventral aspect, x 20 diams. ; the nervous ganglia and tracheae and the 



ventral prologs are seen ; there are no anal prologs. 

 Figs. 2 and 3— Lateral and dorsal views of pupa case, x 20 diams. ; on fig. 3 one of 



the stellate hairs of the Cistus happens to have adhered, having no doubt 



broken off the larval sac on emergence. 



Fig. 4 — Hind-wing (denuded), x 35 diams., showing neuration, sufficient scales are 

 left to show the character of the scaling ; in the photograph the 

 spinous wing points are seen, these do not come out in the plate, the 

 dots present are points of scale attachment. 



Betula, Eeigate : 



January, 1902. 



P.S. (22"3"1902).— My larva; raised here have enabled me to note 

 that in fixing its case for aestivation and pupation the larva closes the 



