956 [November, 



of the larva owing to unsuitable or inadequate food, and it is possibly the 

 case that in such a dry climate a certain number of larvae are obliged to 

 subsist on food of less succulence than ordinary. 



Papilio podalirius was generally distributed, but found only in ravines 

 where there was a perennial stream. It has a lofty, sailing flight and the eggs 

 are deposited high in the pear-trees. 



P. viachaon abounded especially ou dry hillsides', a curious circumstance 

 when one considers its habitat in ]'higlaud. My specimens are paler than 

 British ones and are much less heavily marked. 



Thais hypermnestra. — An early species, on the wing from March to Rfay. 

 Very local and of short duration. 



Aporia crataegi. — Abundant in May and much the commonest '' white" 

 while it lasted. Ou one occasion I saw twenty-five congregated on a patch of 

 damp sand and several of these were spotted with pink, presumabl}' from some 

 liquid which had been spilt over them. 



rieiis brassicae. — Not common. I saw one as early as February 4th. 

 One male has the discal spots beneath much larger than normal and con- 

 nected by a narrow band, the lower spot extending to the hind margin, and 

 near the costa is a small double spot, the whole arrangement suggesting a 

 broken band across the wing. 



P. rapae. — Moderately common, but not nearly so abundant as in England. 

 Specimens much smaller than British. Earliest date the second week in 

 March. 



P. napi. — Scarce. My specimens are all faintly marked and suggest a 

 transitional form between this and the last. 



Pontia daplidice. — Abundant throughout the seasun, the later brood, 

 appearing about July, being most profuse. 



JEuchloe ausonia. — The only " Orange tip " I saw, and that sparingly. 



Colias hrjale. — Common from April to November. Prefers the plains and 

 is not so strong on the wing as the next species. 



C. edusa. — Extremely abundant from the second week in March to the end 

 of November, fresh specimens appearing about the end of June. 



The var. helice moderately frequent. 



Argynnis maia. — The most striking butterfly I met with in the Balkans. 

 In the autuuui it was very abundant in a ravine near Janes, and the following 

 May it was in even greater profusion at the same place. Unlike pap/iia , this 

 is not at all strong on the wing, its flight being heavy and it settles frequently. 

 On a certain clump of acacias I found numbers resting with closed wings on 

 the under side of the leaves, where the soft green of the under surface proved 

 strikingly protective. It is more gregarious than any other fritillary and, 

 indeed, its habits are quite diflerent from those one associates with the British 

 fritillaries. 



A. lathonia. — Abundant from March to June. Much addicted to tracks, 

 like the " Wall," which it much resembles on the wing. 



