1879.] 35 



larvae were feeding, in leaves of several plants of Inula Conyza 

 (Ploughman's spikenard). Having thus cleverly obtained a clue, he 

 proceeded to search the Inula growing in the open air, but it v^'as not 

 till April 19th that any mines were observable there, and these, from 

 the smallness of the plants and the close growth of their hairy leaves, 

 might easily have been overlooked. However, by close and long 

 searching, sufficient were found in a sheltered spot to enable Mr. Grigg 

 to send me a supply, and from that time we both watched them with 

 great and increasing interest till, on May 28th, the identity of the 

 larva was decided by the emergence of two specimens of AcroJepia 

 perlepidella in Mr. Grigg's greenhouse, and, three days later, by the 

 aj)pearance of one of mine, kept in an ordinary temperature. 



The larva, when nearly full-grown, is one-fourth of an inch in 

 length, cylindrical, but tapering a little behind, and having deeply di- 

 vided segments. Paint yellowish or greenish, with the large dark 

 green intestinal canal very visible through the transparent dorsal 

 region. Head deeply lobed at the back, the lobes being visible th'ougJi 

 the transparent, almost colourless, plate on the second segment. Colour 

 of the head pale brown, with darker red-brown jaws, and a brown 

 margin to the triangular forehead. Anterior legs faintly brownish, 

 abdominal legs very minute. 



Mining the lower leaves of young plants of Inula Conyza in April 

 and the beginning of May, completely hollowing them out until they 

 become mere brown bladders mottled with scattered excrement. Ap- 

 parently feeding up entirely in a single leaf, Mr. Grigg's experience 

 and my own being that a moth emerges for every leaf that is mined. 

 Probably, the larva never leaves the mine, as none were observed 

 crawling about, and the cocoon is always made inside the mine, and 

 generally at the lowest part of it in the base of the foot-stalk. This 

 makes it very difficult to find the pupa, and in my plants, which I kept 

 growing in a seed-pan, the mined leaves decayed so quickly, that I was 

 quite unable to detect the mode of pupation. Mr. Grigg, however, 

 succeeded better, and also found one cocoon attached to the inside of 

 the skin of the under-side of the leaf, so as to be visible through it. 

 It is a rather broad flat cocoon, of tough white silk, and bears no re- 

 semblance whatever to the pretty network cocoons of A. granitella 

 and pygmceana ; the larva also differs from them in being spun up 

 within the mine. Pupa brown, not protruded from the cocoon on 

 emergence. 



The moths emerged from the end of May to the middle of June, 

 always comiug out between 7 and 10 a.m., 7.30 to 8 a.m. being ap- 



