1879.] 153 



publishing their discoveries because they suppose them already known, 

 or consider the publication of the little they may know of not much 

 impoi'tance. Mr. Stainton, with his excellent " Manual," has helped 

 lepidopterology to a wonderful extent, and since 1859 many larvae 

 have been discovered. 



PTEALITES. 



Pyralis costalis, Fab. {Jimhrialis, S. V.). 



This larva is still a desideratum. Dr. Eossler says that he has 

 bred the moth from moss and lichens on trunks of trees. Mr. A. 

 Lloyd has found the larva in a rick, and this observation has been 

 confirmed by Dr. Steudel. M. Doumerc appears to have found the 

 larva in June, feeding on an exotic plant {Gobea scandens), and it 

 resembled that of Botys urticalis. He gives a short description, but 

 as he is not a reliable authority, we cannot place any trust in his 

 observations. Doumerc does not seem to have tried to determine his 

 insects, and imposed new names to all — the species which is supposed 

 to be costalis he called cohealis. Costalis is a garden insect, and I sus- 

 pect that the larva feeds on fallen leaves, &c., but I have not yet 

 discovered it, although the insect is abundant in my garden during 

 the summer months.* 



Pyrausta osfrinalis, Hb. 



This has been considered as a variety of piirjjuralis, L., but the 

 larva does not seem to have been published. Purpuralishasheenhved 

 from Mentha arvensis and M. aquatica^ but osfrinalis, most abundant 

 on the Cheshire sandhills, must feed on Thymus serpyllum or Cala- 

 mintlia acinos. The insect flies in May and August. 



Ennychia niyrita, Sc. i^anguinalis, Hb.). 



The larva is still quite unknown ; the moth flies in May, June, 

 and August over dry pasture lands. 



JEnnychia octomaculalis, L. 



According to Herr A. Hartmann, the larva feeds in August and 

 September, beneath the leaves of Bellidiastrum Miclieli, leaving only 

 the ribs ; but the larva has not been described. Octomaculalis frequents 

 dry meadows from May to July. 



Endotricha Jlainmealis, S. Y. 



The moth seems to be attached to oak, and the larva has been 

 found by Miihlig in August and September, feeding on low oak bushes, 



* A detailed aceount of the habits of this species is given by Biley, in his 6th Report on the 

 Injurious, &c., Insects of Missouri (1S74). In America it is considered injurious to clover-hay. — 

 £Da. 



