1 ] 6 , October, 



(now dry) near Brunswick." Von Heinemann describes the larva as " Lilac, with 

 sulphur-jellow lateral stripe and belly, and with dark yellow-margined dorsal line,' 

 which is probably also from Zincken. I was much puzzled, at first, to conceive how 

 Von Heinemann became possessed of this information of Zincken concerning this 

 larva, as nothing about it can be found in any of Zincken's published writings, 

 and Von Heinemann does not give any reference. 



On reflection, and on comparing dates, however, I found that Zincken and Vom 

 Heinemann were both living in Brunswick for several years contemporaneously, 

 though the latter was much the younger. 



Zincken, or to give him his full name, Zincken genannt Sommer, whose period 

 of greatest literary activity was between 1817 and 1821, was born (according to 

 Hagen) in 1770, and resided at Brunswick, where he died February 8th, 1856. 



Von Heinemann was also resident at Brunswick, his career as an Entomo- 

 logical writer commenced in 1848. In the Stett. Ent. Zeit. of 1851 and 1852 he 

 began a list of Lepidoptera, found in the neighbourhood of Brunswick — compiled 

 from the observations of Dr. Zincken and other friends, in addition to his own. This 

 list, though evidently intended fo have gone much further, stopped somewhat 

 abruptly in the middle of the Noctute, in spite of a " (Forts, folgt.) " — but in the 

 introduction to it (Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1851, p. 57) we are informed : " The correctness 

 of the names amongst the Micro- Lepidoptera has been established by Herr 

 Oberlehrer Zeller, in Glogau, those of the other Lepidoptera, where there was any 

 doubt, by a comparison with the collection of Zincken-Sommer, and in all the specieS' 

 found only by this last Entomologist by the use of his written notices." 



Hence, no doubt these MS. notes of Zincken, when no longer required for the 

 list, in which they were used in 1851 and 1852, were not lost sight of, but became 

 incorporated in Von Heinemaiin's great work, "Die Schmetlerlinge Deutschlands 

 und der Schweiz," of which the first Volume appeared in 1859.* 



In the Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1851, p. 61, we read of Hesperia Steropes, " found rarely 

 by Zincken in July in a niarsliy alder- wood near Brunswick," which serves as a sample 

 of the toritten notea of Dr. Zincken, whicli were utilized by the younger Brunswick 

 entomologist, and possibly the same " marshy alder-wood " furnished him with the 

 larva of citudis. The date of its actual occurrence is nowhere given, but Von 

 Heincmaim first published the larva of this species in 1865, and, I believe, up to 

 that time it was totally unknown to the scientific world. Even after its publication 

 the notice seems to have attracted very little attention. Von Nolckeii, who gave a 

 long discussion on the synonymy of the species in the Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1869, pp. 

 272 — 275, makes no allusion to the larva being known, nor does he mention it in his , ■ 

 Lepidoptera of Estland, Livland and Kurland, p. 308. — H. T. Stainton, Mountsfield 

 Lewisliam : September 12th, 1S87. 



A further note on Pancalia LeeuwenhoecJcella. — As an addendum to vay notei 

 (Ent. Mo. Mag., pp. 64-6), I may add that Pancalia LeeuwenhoeckeUa was abundant 

 on the Chalk Downs near Strood, Kent, throughout the whole of June, and occurred 

 well into the month of July. On the 2l8t of the latter month I netted some twenty 



" Unfortunately Von Heinemann did not live to complete this work, but after his death in; 

 December, 1871, it was happily brought to a conclusion by Dr. Wocke, of Breslau, the finali 

 Tolumu bearing date 1877— seven years after the appearance of its immediate predecessor. 



