1S02. I 18;;) 



Early appearance of Anthocharis cardamines. - On April 4th while driving near 

 Hedgeraead Park in this town, I saw a male specimen of the above species ; it flew 

 from the direction of the Park across the street, and disappeared over the houses at 

 the opposite side. I see that in my friend Mr. Barrett's new work the 17th of this 

 month is mentioned as a very early date for its appearance. Of course the wonder- 

 fully warm and beautiful weather that we have had for several weeks is quite 

 sufficient to account for so early an emergence from the pupa si ate.- -William W. 

 Flemyng, Southfield, Claremont Road, Bath : April 13^A, 1892. 



Late sugaring in the Lincoln district. — The autumn species of Macro-Lepi- 

 doptera were unusually abundant with us last year, and extended their period of 

 flight well into December. Our sugar first attracted them on October 20th in 

 Hartsholme Wood, near Lincoln, when Calocampa vetusta was taken, with a few 

 Cerastis vaccinii. My friend, Mr. E. Mead, and self again paid Hartsliolme a visit 

 on the following evening, and took off our sugar one specimen of Calocampa exoleta, 

 two of Phlogophora meticulosa, four of Anchocelis pistacina, six of Scopelosoma 

 satellitia, and about thirty specimens of C. vaccinii, with half a dozen of the variety 

 spadicea, all in the pink of condition. On the 24th we obtained six C. exoleta, and 

 saw an increasing number of S. satellitia and C. vaccinii, the only three species 

 flying. On the 27th we again took six C. exoleta, two Miselia oxyacanthcB, while 

 satellitia and vaccinii were as abundant as before. November 2nd, saw these 

 insects in the greatest numbers ; my memorandum of the weather is as follows : 

 Wind, N.E,, but mild and somewhat close, a strong disposition towards rain, which, 

 however, kept off, except for a few minutes about 5.30. I reached Hartsholme 

 about 3.30, and sugared on old places in wood, then extended my journey to 

 another wood about a mile further ; while still light I sugared about a score 

 places on trees and palings, and at 5 o'clock, while barely dusk, began my return 

 journey. On the last tree sugared I found but one A. pistacina, but the next tree 

 had nearly a dozen moths upon it, and as I advanced through the wood moths began 

 literally to swarm ; it was now quite dark, and C. vaccinii and -S. satellitia covered 

 every available drop of sugar, the lantern showed them coming from all directions 

 by dozens, hustling and pushing each other for the coveted sweets; it was such a 

 sight as I had never before witnessed, and had I so wished, could have collected 

 hundreds of moths in a few minutes. On some of the trees S. satellitia alone were 

 feeding, the smaller C. vaccinii being seemingly overpowered and driven away. 

 These two species comprise the great bulk of the insects seen, but the two " Quakers," 

 OrtJiosia lota and macilenta, were also strongly represented. I now continued my 

 walk homewards, picking off the sugar such moths as I wanted, and reaching 

 Hartsholme, found the same profusion of insects there as in the wood just left, but 

 as the species were the same, did not disturb them. The full list for this night was 

 as follows : — C. exoleta, P. meticulosa, M. oxyacanthce, S. satellitia, C. vaccinii and 

 var. spadicea, A. pistacina, 0. lota and macilenta. 



From tliis date the numbers began somewhat to decrease, though on the 9th, 

 16th and 18th of November great numbers of the commoner species were flying ; 

 on December 2nd our take was only three exoleta and about a score of commoner 

 things, while on the 9th a few vaccinii alone were seen ; soon after this date frost 

 set in, and our sugaring expeditions for 1891 were over. — ^W. D. Cakh, Foss Lodge, 

 Lincoln : March, 1892. 



