34 THE KNTOMOLOGIST's RECORD. 



consists of one large circular ring composed of eight or nine ovoid 

 cells. All the network lines are very decided. The colour is dirty 

 white to pale orange. The shell appears very opaque. This then 

 belongs to what is termed the " upright " egg group, and since this 

 feature is characteristic generally of the higher lepidoptera rather than 

 the lower, and the elaborate and strong wrinkling also suggests 

 specialisation, we shall certainly group this family some distance up 

 the lepidopterous ladder. There is no appearance whatever of ribs as 

 in the much higher group of the Noctuids. 



Dr. Chapman, in his epoch-making paper {Trans. Knt. Soc. Loud., 

 189B.p. IIH), places the Coleophorides amongst the Lepidoptera-Obtectae, 

 and the shape and position of the ovum here shown would tend to 

 confirm his action, which was mainly based on observations made 

 upon the pupa?. 



(2) CoLEOPHORA LiMosiPENNKLLA. — I havc this year met with cases 

 of this species in fair numbers on elm, when looking for cases of C 

 badiipennella. According to the experience of a number of entomologists, 

 these species frequently occur together, and their cases are often found 

 on the same leaves. At the younger stages of growth the cases are 

 almost indistinguishable, although those of the latter species are, even 

 in eai'ly life, somewhat darker. The irregular toothed keel on the 

 back of the case is much alike in both species at first, but before 

 pupation it becomes much more pronounced in ('. linHmpennella. The 

 angle of attachment of the case in both species is much alike, but becomes 

 more distinguishable at the later stages of growth, that of ('. liimm- 

 penndla may be designated by the numeral 1, or 1-2, according to Her- 

 rich-Schaft'er's method, while that of (\ hadiipennella is measured by 

 the numeral 2. But these similarities of the cases of the two species 

 may be disregarded when the larvae are fullfed or nearly so, for that of 

 C. iiniosipennella is quite twice as long as that of ('. badiipennella, it 

 has a very prominent cock's-comb-like back keel, and is very 

 considerably compressed at the sides, the two valves at the anal 

 opening forming a sharp edge like the "point" of a dinner-knife. 

 The cases of ( '. Iiniosipennella are also found on birch, but, as I have only 

 found isolated examples there, the above remarks must be considered as 

 relating to those which occur only on elm leaves. As regards the odd 

 specimens of the cases I have from birch, they appear to have a much 

 less toothed keel, to be of thinner material and to be much more 

 compressed. Perhaps these variations are to be expected, as the cases 

 are made from pieces of the edge of the leaves, which, in birch, are less 

 toothed than in elm, and are of thinner texture. Cases of both species 

 which are found immediately after they have over-wintered, are then 

 much more difficult to distinguish, especially in the London district, 

 where they have become very much darkened from the action of the 

 atmosphere, whilst the points of the serrated keels have disappeared. 



The lepidoptera of Chamonix — Lavancher, Montanvert, Moraines 

 of the Mer=de= Glace. 



By J. W. TUTT, F.E.S. 

 One would have expected that a complete list of the Chamonix 

 1 epidoptera had already been published, possibly one has, but if so I 

 k now nothing of it, and, in Kane's excellent Handbook, which I have 



