124 THE entomologist's record. 



walking (our impedimenta on a donkey) eastward and downward along 

 the north slope, and over some low hills to Agreda. On this walk, 

 which was to some extent done against time, in order to catch the 

 diligence for Soria, we met with several insects that reminded me 

 more of the Albarracm fauna than any we met elsewhere — Anji/nnis 

 chlorodippe, Puli/o)innatui< corijdon var. hisjjana, P. hylas var. nivescens, 

 and others. The ground nearing Agreda being dry limestone hills, 

 with aromatic, sparse herbage, much like that of Cuenca or Albar- 

 racin. I should have liked to collect here for a day or two, but it did 

 not fall into our programme, though the accommodation at Agreda 

 seemed to be fairly good, as tested by our lunching there both going 

 and returning. 



The diligence journey from Agreda to Soria was long and rather 

 monotonous. Moncayo stood as a great landmark for most of the 

 way. At a good many portions of the road it was bordered iov a mile 

 or so by a row of poplar-trees on each side, and the swarms of Liparis 

 salicis which these afforded were certainly a feature of the route. No 

 tree-trunk was without them, and many a stem presented several 

 dozen white spots, which were either moths or batches of eggs, and 

 now and then the dead moths lay on the ground, three or four to the 

 yard, and they were frequently on the wing, though it was little after 

 midday. With Soria we were a little disappointed ; it was very dry and 

 burnt up, and we felt we were rather late ; the one or two excursions 

 we made afforded little to tempt us further afield ; it was very hot, 

 and one easily got out of sorts when there were no special attractions. 

 The Spanish form of Satyrtis briseis, P. corydon var. hupana, a nice 

 form of Melitaea didyiiia, Satyrus circe, none very abundant, formed 

 the prominent part of our bag. 



Soria would, howevei', be probably more remunerative earlier in 

 the season, and unquestionably it would make a starting point for 

 some good excursions in the Sierra, of which one high ridge did not 

 seem very distant, and also somewhere, apparently to the west, towards 

 Salas, must be some promising ground, as we noticed the telegraph 

 poles for a long distance to be of the same savin trees that marked 

 the best ground at Albarracin, and probably do so here ; and we were 

 told they came from a Pinar some 20 miles westward. There should 

 also be some good ground by the Duero, which is here quite a river. 

 We put Soria into our programme because it is accessible by rail, but 

 we reached it by diligence, and left it by the same means, as being both 

 the shorter and quicker way. We left at 8 a.m., and travelled via 

 Agreda, Tarazona, Tudela, and Logroho to Pamplona, which we 

 reached the same evening. 1 made no entomological notes at 

 Pamplona, but we attended a grand memorial service to the late Pope 

 in the cathedral. I was struck here by the general small stature of 

 the men ; any one 5ft. bin. seemed tall, and 5ft. lOin. or Oft. gigantic. 



Amongst the butterflies met with, Erebia erias and K. fityyiie must 

 take a first place. It would not be quite true to say these were 

 met with everywhere. At Canales, between 4500ft. and 6000ft., it 

 would be very nearly true, as well as at Moncayo as regards E. evias. 

 E. eiias was rare at Moncayo, and I took no E. styyiie there ; but at 

 Canales one never took the one species without soon meeting with the 

 other. 



Their headquarters were certainly on the ridge behind Canales. 



