170 THE entomologist's record. 



recognisable aa a race, though not, perhaps, so definitely a subspecies as 

 we may take hi/popJilaeas to be. The name of this southern subspecies 

 would necessarily be dens. We cannot but recognise, however, that 

 English iihlacaa can provide eleus, and very commonly takes the 

 transitional form of siifi'iisa, Tutt, whilst specimens I show you 

 demonstrate that, in the south of the Alps and in 8pain, the race elcus 

 can produce tolerably typical jihlaeas. We have then : 



Heodcs pJilacas, phlaeas f.t. pidaeas I j. .^^ ^ 

 ,, ,, ,, ,, eleuti ) ^ 



" " ' -*, . r South Europe, 



,, pidacux, hjjpuplddeas Lapland. 



It must also be recognised that elen.s, besides such transitional 

 forms as suffiim, presents a large, dark, suffused form, and a smaller, 

 brighter, clearer form, with the dark marking increased, but not 

 suffused. 



Mr. Pickett's captured specimens from Dover, present no extreme 

 forms, but demonstrate clearly that English J J. f Macau varies in the 

 intensity of the copper, and varies a considerable way towards the 

 darkening that constitutes elcii^;, both by increase and by suffusion of 

 black. 1 believe many English collections contain fully developed 

 eleus. One of this year's (Dover, August) specimens is sufttaa, well on 

 towards cleus, so that even in a year (1908) like the present, examples 

 succeed in finding warm places in which to pupate. A Dover specimen of 

 August, 1902, is nearly as dark, as well as two or three May specimens 

 from Clandon. They have all been obviously selected as nice specimens 

 and represent rather the well-marked and rich-coloured examples, and 

 do not fairly show a normal proportion of paler copper, with smaller 

 spots and narrower bolder. The majority are, in fact, though not by 

 a good way as far as mijl'iisa, yet an appreciable distance on the way to 

 being rleii^. It is curious this should be even more the case with the 

 May (1902), than with the August specimens (Dover, 1901, 1902, 

 1908). 



Mr. Carpenter's beautiful exhibit of about 112 bred specimens, was 

 most interesting. They were of three several broods, from three 

 parents, and each brood was of tolerably uniform type and so far 

 different from the others that it might almost have been possible to 

 separate them again had they been mixed together, yet the total differ- 

 ence was not great. All were reared in an unheated greenhouse, and 

 the uniformity of each brood may be referable to the uniform 

 conditions under which all its individuals were reared, but more 

 probably arose from an hereditary identity. The parents were not 

 exhibited with them. All were very fine bright specimens, a little 

 more darkly marked, perhaps, than an average of English captured 

 examples. Specimens emerging in July, 1896, from an Abbott's 

 Wood parent, were well spotted, and some, emerging 15th-21st, slightly 

 suffused. Those of June, 1897, from Folkestone parents, were paler 

 with smaller spots (cooler period of emergence). From a ]>ude parent 

 specimens emerging September, 1902, were larger, brighter, and well 

 spotted. 



Mr. Montgomery's scries had, unfortunately, nothing but memory 

 to co-relate the specimens with the facts of their education. They 

 formed a long series of about 800. They were from four 5 s taken at 



