SYNOPSIS OF THE OKTHOPTKRA OF WESTERxV EUROPE. 



319 



the absence of a pad between the claws of the tarsi distinguishes the 

 Tcttt'ifidof (among the Europeans). 



The pronotuiii ofi'ers important characters ; the form of the lateral 

 ridges or carinte is important, when they are present ; the pronotum is 

 cut l)yamain sulcus called the typical sulcus, and the relative position 

 of this is important. 



Tahle of Families. 

 1. Tarsi with pad between the claws. Pionotum iievei- 

 produced backwards beyond the metanotum. 

 2. Prosternum unarmed. 



3. Frons oblique; the top of the vertex forming 



an acute angle with the frons. Mediastinal 



and scapular areas of elytra reticulated 



with transverse parallel nervures .. 1. TRuxArji)/!-;. 



3.3. Frons vertical ; top of vertex forming 



rounded angle with frons ; mediastinal 



and scapular areas of elytra irregularly 



reticulated .. .. .. . . '2. (EoiPODin*:. 



2.2. Prosternum armed with a spine between the 

 anterior coxae, or at least raised into a 

 swelling or tubercle. 

 3. Foveola3 of the vertex situated on top, con- 

 tiguous, forming front border of vertex 

 (frons strongly oblique) . . . . . . 3. pYHGOMOKPHin*. 



3.3. Foveolie of vertex above, lateral, beneath, 

 or entirely wanting. 

 4. Costa of frons compressed, deeply 

 silicate ; foveolse of vertex above or 

 lateral, open behind . . . . . . 4. Pamphauid/*:. 



4.4. Costa of frons not compressed nor 

 sulcate ; foveolse of vertex lateral 

 or inferior, closed behind, or often 

 entirely wanting . . . . . . 6. Ackii>iii>/1<',. 



1.1. Tarsi with no pad between claws. Pronotum pro- 

 duced backwards over abdomen . . . . . . (3. Tettigid/j.^. 



Family I : TRuxALiOiE. 

 This family contains the common field grasshoppers ; it is rich in 

 genera and species, and distributed throughout the world ; the 

 discrimination of the species is often somewhat difficult, especially in 

 Steiiobothrus and the allied genera. Attention must be made to the 

 shape of the foveohe and their position, and especially to the venation 

 of the elytra. 



Table of Genera. 

 1. Fastigiura of vertex lobed at sides: head produced 

 into a long slender cone ; antennae strongly com- 

 pressed and ensiform ; elytra narrow and pointed ; 

 hinder knees ending in a spine ; hinder tibiaj with 

 more than 20 spines on each side . . 



Acrid A, L. 



( = Trdxalih, 

 Fabr.) 



1.1. Fastigium not lobed at sides; antennas generally 



filiform, rarely ensiform; elytra not lanceolate; 



hinder knees not pointed : hinder tibiae with not 



more than 1.5 spines on each side. 



2. Fastigium of vertex without lateral foveolas visible 



from above ; or, if they are present, they are 



strongly inclined, and only visible from the side. 



8. Antennai ensiform ; foveolae of vertex vertical 



or strongly inclined. 



4. Pronotum not constricted in middle, the 

 lateral earinae bent in middle ; foveolae 

 oblong ; antennae broad 



0CHRII,II>IA, Stal. 



