THE LEPIDOPTERA OF TICINO THE ST. GOTHARD PASS. 107 



road, and then among the clearings of the woods through which the 

 zigzags passed, many species came into phxy. rainassiiis (7/;o//o was in 

 great abundance, and the specimens looked excptionally large, but 

 I do not know now that they are set that the two or three examples 

 chosen are at all special, but they looked well, and were in prime 

 condition, whilst, during the first hour's hunt, one struck an abundance 

 of what I have before called mountain Mditaea athalia, Krehia liijea 

 going over, Agriades corydon, Aricia astrarclw, large newly-emerged 

 Authrocera lonicerae and A. pin-ptiralis in great numbers on the flowers 

 by the roadside. They sat with quivering wings in the hot sun, or 

 restlessly moved from one flower to another; here, too, Heudes 

 vir(janreae 3 s were abundant, but not a single ? , Avhilst a very worn 

 5 L'arar(je Itiera and Bre)tthiti euphnrnjue were bagged, but, besides those 

 already noted and Krebia (/ocoite, towards the end of the climb through 

 the wood, nothing seemed very abundant, although many species 

 occasionally turned up. An open glade with a patch of what was prob- 

 ably bugle was being passed, when suddenly, in characteristic fashion, 

 a specimen of Hemaris titi/us, in finest condition, hovered over the 

 flowers, and in a moment was in the net and boxed, although standing- 

 back and waiting did not produce another. Hesperia alveiis and 

 Adopaea fiara weve the only skippers noted, the former large and in 

 good condition, the latter worn. A single Melitaea dictynna fell to 

 the net ; I suppose I am always a little late for this species ; anyway, 

 I never seem to get a good series, and am always thankful when good 

 examples come my waj'. Here, too, a specimen or tAVO of Lycaena 

 avion var. obsciira were pulled up suddenly for examination as they 

 careered someAvhat Avildl)^ up the slope, whilst there were plenty of 

 the two common fritillaries, Art/ynnis niube and A. aylaia. Iswria 

 latlionia was not common, and Mdainpias vielainpiia was in good 

 condition. At last one left the woods behind, and tlae alpine pastures 

 stretched above. C'olias phicomone soon came in sight, and before one 

 had climbed far, Erebia euryale, BJ. tyndarits, and other species began 

 to appear, whilst the only " blue " on the exposed slopes besides 

 Aricia astrarc/ie appeared to be Cyaniris semian/iis. Plenty of Aiyynnis 

 aylaia dashed up and down the slopes, and a large Papilio viachaon 

 alsoflewrapidlysomedistancebelow where we were standing, and freshly- 

 emerged Aylaifi nrticae were on the wing. Large clumps of violet- 

 plants were growing among the rocks, and here a few worn 5 Brenthis 

 eiiphrosyne were yet egg-laying. Erebia tyndariis and h\ euryale became 

 now (juite abundant, and, by the time we struck the path again above, 

 the lowland species, so to speak, were left entirely behind ; a small 

 damp and marshy spot Avas investigated, but nothing of importance 

 appeared except a fair number of Brenthis pales, a single small S" 

 C/irysoplianus hippot/ioe apparently only I'ecently emerged, a few 

 Hesperia alveiis, one large Folyoin mains hylas, and still a few fine 

 L'ya)tiris seniiargus. The rocks by the roadside, as we now forged 

 ahead, shoAved plenty of Gnophos ubfuscaia and Larentia caesiata, 

 Avhilst specimens of Melanippe inontanata, Larentia fiaricitictata, 

 Acidalia unitata, and Enbolia bipunctata were also captured. A runnel 

 by the roadside produced Coenonyinplia darwiniana, Avhilst Erebia 

 )nnestra g s Avere not at all uncommon, K. tyndarus and K. melamjnis, 

 together Avith Parnassiiis apollo and Aryynnis aylaia, still occurred 

 freelv. Then Ave reached the zigzags that form the final arind to the 



