156 THE entomologist's record. 



and fifteen or sixteen intermediate points, on end one or two small but 

 hooklike. There are, compared with the first instar, additional hairs 

 below the spiracles ; on the 2nd abdominal there is a hair a long way 

 to front of vi, then vii, viii, and ix in line along zone of segment ; on 

 the 4th abdominal segment, the hairs here called vii and viii are at the 

 same level with one called ix, probably viii, below. This continues on 

 the following segments ; there can also be seen a very minute hair at 

 front of segment, between i and iii, and another between iii and 

 spiracle. After the second instar the larva has three more moults, and 

 in the third, fourth, and fifth instars differs little, except in size, from 

 its appearance in the second ; the markings are, perhaps, more pro- 

 nounced and darker; the lengths are about 10mm., iJmm., and 20mm. 

 The colours are deep chestnut and black, the ujarkings as described 

 under last instar, and as may be seen m the excellent photograph by 

 Mr. Main. In the last instar, and in some degree in the previous ones, 

 the additional minute hairs noted under the second instar, are more 

 easily seen, as well as the skin sculptures. There are seven tubercles 

 below the spiracle, on either side, on the 1st abdominal segment, two 

 (iv and v), two (vi and ?), and then three in line, but on the 2nd and 

 following segments the second of the three in line has a companion, 

 making eight. The minute points, dorsal and spiracular, are as in the 

 second skin. The skin appears to consist of raised round discs with 

 puckered tissue between (skin-points with round flat tops). The 

 prolegs consist of a straight line, carrying at each end eight hooks 

 alternating smaller and larger, and, betw^een, eight dark points of 

 which the end ones are rods half the length of the hooks. The 

 claspers have ten hooks at each end, and about fourteen points between, 

 similarly slightly advanced towards being hooks at each end. The head, 

 thoracic, and anal plates have a special sculpturing difficult to describe, 

 intermediate patterns betw^een this and the usual skin-pattern occur in 

 places. There are raised ribs, half as broad as the spaces between 

 them, they bend and branch in the most irregular way, branches 

 ending often in hollows between branches of another rib ; the spaces 

 between are of most irregular shape, squares, triangles, long zigzagged 

 strips, etc., yet giving the impression they are all of the same size. 

 The jaws have at one end a short sharp tooth, then three long sharp 

 ones, then three each smaller and more rounded than the last, and a 

 portion, nearly straight, twice as long as the last tooth, but suggesting 

 that it also is divided into, or would like to be divided into, continually 

 diminishing teeth. Fullgrtnm larva : On October 11th, one larva has 

 pupated and another has spun up, and a considerable number are in 

 last instar. AVhen fullgrown, the larvae are IHmm. long. The form, 

 colouring, habits, and attitudes have changed little since the second 

 instar. They rest very stiff and straight along the stem of the 

 plant [Lotus cornicidattiH), with the tips of the legs collected to2ether 

 close to the mouth. They have a very decided subspiracular flange, 

 making the rather broad larva look broader than it really is on a dorsal 

 view. The width of a well-fed specimen is about 2-6mm. If on a 

 small enough stem, the claspers go round it, and the end of the 

 anal plate rests closely on the stem, and that extremity of the larva 

 looks pointed, on a flatter surface the claspers are extended, and make 

 the end look wide. ^yhen on the move, it has a curious habit at 

 times of holding by the prolegs, and laterally vibrating the front 



