182 THE entomologist's record. 



both Hnniicia and Chn/Hophanits must sink to Heodes, Dalman ; we 

 believe that the majority of the Palfearctic species of the true coppers 

 will fall into this genus. The large, open cells characteristic of the 

 ova, and the most beautifully-shaped trumpet-hairs of the pupa, so 

 well shown in Plates iii., x. and xi., are matters of deep interest, and 

 will, we hope, be instrumental in arousing further investigations 

 among students of this brilliant group. 



Vol. ix introduces us to the " hairstreaks," beginning with the 

 widely distributed little species rtibi, Linn. ; this is placed in the genus 

 Calloji/iri/s, Billberg, inasmuch as Hiibner's genus Lycus was already 

 preoccupied in coleoptera. The life-history as shown on pi. iv. is of 

 real interest and value — only we wish all the ova had been enlarged 

 to the same degree. We see nothing to object to in the subdivision of 

 this section into the three tribes Callophryidi, Strymonidi, and Ruralidi, 

 omitting althogether out of our consideration one section, the Thes- 

 toridi — a very natural one — as not coming within the range of this 

 paper, all the species being extra British. The first tribe is repre- 

 sented by the single species already mentioned, the second by w-albuw, 

 Knoch, and prnni, Linn., the third by qaercm^, Linn., and betidae, 

 Linn. Our author creates the genus Edwardsia (afterwards altered to 

 Chattendenia, owing to Kdirardsia being preoccupied) for the species 

 ir-«Z6»»(, and he rightly refers primi to Hiibner's genus Stryuion ; we admit 

 the generic distinction of these two species with serious misgiving, but 

 with the hope, at a later date, of proving the point or admitting it. 

 In like manner we are hardly prepared to admit the validity of several 

 of the genera suggested for Paltearctic species of this section as given 

 on pp. 142 and 143. We now come to the third tribe, consisting of 

 two species, hereafter to be known under the names IJithys quercus, 

 Linn., and Ruralh hetidae, Linn. Superficially by the pattern the 

 genera can be readily separated, structurally, however, it is by no 

 means easy to do so ; there are, nevertheless, slight differences in the 

 neuration, and as the types of each were fixed long ago we must admit 

 their validity for the time being, on the evidence of our two British 

 species. Hubner created the genus Bithys for a number of species 

 belonging to several genera, of which qtiercns was one, whilst Stephens, 

 in 1835, definitely restricted the genus, that species thus fixing the 

 type. The genus Huralis was brought into existence in reality by 

 Poda in 1761, and was confirmed by Linne in 1767, whilst, in 1781, 

 Barbut definitely confirmed the type already given by Poda as betidae. 



This brings us to the group Lycaeninae, comprising that vast section 

 of "Blues" ranging all over the world except in the Neotropical 

 region. The first species dealt with is boeticus, Linn. ; it is placed by 

 our author in the genus Lai)ipides, Hubner, which was described by 

 that writer for a heterogeneous group of insects of which boeticus was 

 one. The name {Lanipides) was restricted to the species in question 

 by Newman some thirty-eight 3'ears ago, and we hold that Tutt's 

 reasoning on the facts before us concerning this synonymy is quite 

 convincing. It appears quite possible that the genus may hereafter 

 be restricted solely to this species. 



The last insect to be treated in the volume is our common " Holly 

 Blue, for which our author made the genus Celastrina in 1906. 

 Since de Niceville's work on the Indian Lycaenidae this species, with 

 its allies, has very generally been placed under the genus Cyaniris, 



