SYNOPSIS OF THE ORTHOPTEEA OF WESTERN EUROPE. 195 



hand side, and so I climbed the slopes and bagged what I could come 

 near. ]\lost of the species already noted were there in abundance, but 

 there were other interesting things. C/iaraeas (iranrinis madly scurry- 

 ing from one Hower to another when disturbed during its afternoon 

 siesta (or meal), Lithosia Intanila {pyijiiiaeola) of the brightest orange 

 mountain form, the 3 s, in the most amazing abundance, assembling 

 to the newly-emerged 5 s, and, if too late, settling down on the grass- 

 culms near by. Adscita (/eri/on, also abundant and active in the 

 afternoon sunshine, flying quickly and easily getting out of view, and 

 much more readily captured whilst resting on the flowers, both sexes 

 being in first-class condition. Gnophos obfuscata was also abundant 

 on the flowers, and a specimen of Einyclia crihrum, somewhat like the 

 type, and not of the usual alpine Candida form, was interesting. Setina 

 irrorella occurred with .S. aurita and Lit/iosia litrideola, but the latter was 

 going over. Mixed with them, too, was an occasional Antlirocera exulans, 

 giving some idea of the altitude. One of the most interesting species, 

 however, was Heodes riryaiireae, the ? s of which, in spite of the 

 elevation, were of bright ground colour, and two of w^hich were marked 

 most beautifully by a series of extended streaks ( = ab. linenlata), in 

 place of the usual spots, across the forewing. A Melitaea, indis- 

 tinguishable from the mountain M. athalia, was taken quite near an 

 undoubted 9 specimen of M. raria, which, of course, except for the 

 elevation, means practically nothing, whilst among the moths were many 

 more interesting species, of which Carsia imhutata may be noted. It was 

 a grand sight to see the insects as the sun went rapidly off the slopes 

 about 3 p.m. They flew from place to place, sometimes swiftly returning, 

 in the most restless and excited manner, and were most easy to capture ; 

 in half-an-hour the sun was gone, and, of the army of " fritillaries," 

 " Erebias," and "blues," hardly a specimen could be seen a little 

 later. That they remained on the slope I feel satisfied, but in half- 

 an-hour they had entirely disappeared. Where do the butterflies hide 

 by night ? Of course, one sees one beneath the flower-heads occa- 

 sionally, but where do the mass go ? At the bottom of the slopes, two 

 species of " plumes " were now to be disturbed, one Merritieldia tridacUjla 

 {tetrad (icti/la), the other, I believe, Adkinia coprodactyla. Boxes were 

 full, so we determined to close operations for the day. The next 

 day was dull, and we walked to the Glacier and saw it closely under 

 conditions of storm and rain, with a few occasional breaks that made 

 the snow-clad, sunlit, Alps lovely beyond words. With the exception 

 of Fredericina tesscradactyla {jischeri) and another doubtful Stenoptiliid, 

 I added nothing fresh to the bag that day. On the morning of the 16th 

 the snow was low down the mountains, reaching far below the new 

 little station on the Schafberg. It snowed and rained all that day, 

 and on the 17th, as matters had barely improved, I thought I would 

 utilise it for a move, travelling that day to Preda, on the Albula Pass, 

 and arriving there in weather that might have done credit to 

 December. 



Synopsis of the Orthoptera of Western Europe. 



By MALCOLM BUER, B.A., F.L.S., F.E.S., F.Z.S., etc. 

 Genus : Callicrania, Bolivar. 

 Ventral segments (at least the basal ones) represented by two 

 callosities, one on each side of the medial line, and near together : 



