114 [October, 



dint of hard work, obtained some eggs, some of which he kindly sent to Mr. Buckler, 

 from whom they passed into my hands. Eight eggs reached me safely, and the 

 larva; hatched on July 18th ; being now sure of the proper food, I gave them no 

 choice, putting in only bits cut off from spruce shoots, which were furnished with 

 buds. As before, three of the larvre failed to find out their food in time, and were 

 starved ; the other five fed away at once, but, instead of attacking the buds, com- 

 menced operations by tunnelling into the inner hark or liber at the cut ends of the 

 shoots; they never touched the oviter bark or the needle-like leaves, but ate their 

 way onwards,— in some cases for an inch or more, through the liber, until they 

 reached a bud, into which they then burrowed. They ate rapidly, and their frass 

 accumulated in proportion, some of it being extruded at the mouth of their tunnels, 

 but they gave no other sign of their presence. How they would act in nature, I 

 cannot say — whether they would ever open an outward passage, and so travel from 

 bud to bud, or whether they would remain quit« hidden after their first entrance ; 

 but I am sure each individual eats enough to destroy all the buds on a long, young 

 shoot by the time it becomes full-grown. I left my larvae undisturbed for some 

 time, but about the 6th of August I saw one of them come out of its tunnel, and 

 walk restlessly about ; I then carefidly examined all the other tunnels, but coidd 

 find only one other larva, and that apparently dead. I now put in a fresh supply 

 of spruce, placing both the living and the dead lax-va on it, and, when I next looked, 

 I found the former busily engaged in finishing up the remains of its defunct relative ; 

 I concluded, therefore, it liad also been the cause of the disappearance of the others, 

 owing, perhaps, to its being deprived of tender food by the drying iip of the juice of 

 the spruce buds. After this, it fed away steadily on spruce, and moulted thrice, and 

 on the 19th of August I sent it to my friend, Mr. Crewe ; from him it was sent to 

 Mr. Buckler, and fed away until 25th August, when it began to hide itself in some 

 peaty soil, with which it had been supplied ; on the 26th it disappeared totally, and 

 by this time is, I hope, in pupa. It was supplied with bits of spruce shoots and 

 bark, but it seemed to take naturally to the soil for pupation, so that it is probable 

 in nature it would eat its way out, and drop or crawl to the ground, and the pupae 

 should be looked for at the foot of the trees. 



The egg is very broadly ovate, much wider, although but little longer, than 

 that of castigaia ; straw-coloured at first, afterwards becoming bright vermilion. 

 The young larva when first hatched is something of the colour of the bark of a 

 spruce slioot, being pale olive-brown ; the head, plate on second segment, and anal 

 tip being hard shining black ; imder a lens all the warts come out distinctly — black 

 and shining, and furnished with hairs. After a moult or two, the colouring becomes 

 much as it continues up to full growth, and the whole appearance of the larva 

 — both in figure and tint — makes one see at once that it is an internal feeder, and 

 at the same time very little like the larva of any other Eupithecia on our native list. 

 — J. Hellins, Exeter : 31st August, 1872. 



Description of the larva nf Eupithecia tngata.— General colour dull pinkish-brown. 

 Central, dorsal, sub-dorsal and spiracular lines whitish, iiulistinct, especially the two 

 latter. Skin wrinkled ; body sparsely studded with black tubercles and short hairs. 

 Head and collar horny and glossy, dusky brown. 



An odd, internal looking-animal, strongly resembling a miniature Cossu^ ligni- 

 perda. 



