Chap. 67.] NAYIGATION OF THE OCEAN-. 99 



along Mauritania, has now been navigated. Indeed the 

 greater part of this region, as well as of the east, as far as the 

 Arabian Grulf, was siu-veyed in consequence of Alexander's 

 victories. When Caius Caesar, the son of Augustus \ had the 

 conduct of affairs in that coimtry, it is said tliat they found the 

 remains of Spanisli vessels which had been wrecked there. 

 While the power of Carthage was at its height, Hanno pub- 

 lished an account of a voyage which he made from Gades to 

 the extremity of Arabia-; Himilcowas also sent, about the 

 same time, to explore the remote parts of Europe. Besides, 

 we learn from Corn. jSTepos, that oneEudoxus, a contemporary 

 of his^ when he was flying from king Lathyrus, set out from 

 the Arabian Gulf, and was carried as far as Gades-*. And long 

 before him, Caelius Autipater^ informs us, that he had seen 

 a person who had sailed from Spain to Ethiopia for the pur- 

 poses of trade. The same Cornelius Xepos, when speaking of 

 the northern circumnavigation, tells us that Q.MetellusCeler, 

 the colleague of L. Afranius in the consulship, but then a 

 proconsul in GauP, had a present made to him by the king 

 of the Suevi, of certain Indians, who sailing from India for 

 the piu-pose of commerce, had been driven by tempests into 

 Germany ^ Thus it appears, that the seas which flow corn- 

 different parts of his work, ii. 112 and vi. 7, appear so inconsistent with 

 each other, that we must suppose he indiscriminately borrowed tliem from 

 various writers, without comparing their accoimts, or endeavouring to 

 reconcile them to each otlier. Such inaccm-acies may be thouglit ahnost 

 to justify the censure of Alexandre, who styles our author, " indiligens 

 plane veri et falsi compilator, et ubi dissentiunt auctores, nunquam aut 

 raro sibi constans." Lemaire, i. 378. 



^ ThesonofAgrippa, whom Augustus adopted. Hardouin, in Lemaire, 

 i. 378. 



2 See Beloe's Herodotus, ii. 393, 394, for an account of the voyage 

 round Afi-ica that wtvs performed by the Phoenicians, who were sent to 

 explore those parts by Neclio king of Egypt. 



3 It is generally supposed that C. Nepos hved in the century previous 

 to the Clu-istian a?ra. Ptolemy Lathyrus commenced liis reign u.c. 627 

 or B.C. 117, and reigned for 36 years. The references made to C. Nepos 

 are not found in any of his works now extant. 



■* We have previously referred to Eudoxus, note 3, p. 78. 



^ We have a brief account of Antipater in Hardouin's Lidex Auctorum; 

 Lemaire, i. 162. 



^ We are infonned by Alexandre that this was in the year of the City 691, 

 the same year in which Cicero was consul ; see note in Lemaire, i. 379. 



' It is scarcely necessary to remark, that the accoimt here given must 



h2 



