154j plint's KATXJEAL HISTOET, [Book III. 



Spain, extending as far as tlie cliain of the Pyrenees. ^ The 

 Farther Spain is divided lengthwise into two provinces, 

 Lusitania^ and Baetica, the former stretching along the 

 northern side of the latter, and being divided from it by the 

 river Ana'^ 



The source of this river is in the district of Laminium , m 

 the Nearer Spain. It first spreads out into a number of 

 small lakes, and then again contracts itself into a narrow 

 channel, or entirely disappears under ground^ and after 

 frequently disappearing and again coming to light, finally dis- 

 charges itself into the Atlantic Ocean. Tarraconensian Spain 

 lies on one side, contiguous to the Pyrenees, running down- 

 wards along the sides of that chain, and, stretching across from 

 the Iberian Sea to the Gallic ocean^ is separated from Bsetica 

 and Lusitania by Mount Solorius^ the chains of the Oretani^ 

 and the Carpetani^, and that of the Astures^ 



CHAP. 3. — OP B^TICA. 



Bfetica, so called from the river which divides it in the 

 middle, excels all the other provinces in the richness of its 

 cultivation and the peculiar fertility and beauty of its vege- 

 tation. 



It consists of four jurisdictions, those of Gades", of Cor- 

 duba'\ of Astigi'-, and of Hispalis'l The total number of 

 its towns is 175 ; of these nine are colonies ^^ and eight muni- 



1 Corresponding nearly in extent with the present kingdom of Portugal. 



2 Now aaudiana, a corruption of the Arabic Wadi Ana, " the riyer Ana." 



3 According to Hardouin this place is the modem town of Montiel, 

 but Pmet and D'Anville make it the same as Alhambra. 



■* According to modern writers it conceals itself in this manner for a 

 distance of fifteen miles. 



5 From the Balearic Channel to the Grulf of G-ascony or Bay of Biscay. 



6 Probably the Sierra Nevada is meant by this name ; Hardoum con- 

 siders it the same as the Sierra de los Yertientes. 



7 Probably the Sierra Morena. ^ The Monte de Toledo. 



9 The Sierra de las Asturias. 



10 The present Cadiz. It was originally a Phoenician colony. 



" Now Cordova. ^2 j^ow Ecija. ^^ Now Seville. 



14 The Roman colonies or colonies " civium Romanorum" are those 

 here meant. The colonists in such case enjoyed all the rights of Romao 

 citizens, the town in wMch they lived being founded under the supervi- 

 sion of the Roman magistracy. 



