156 pliny's natural HISTOET. [Book III. 



to wliicli is Gades, of wliicli we shall have occasion to spealv 

 among the islands^ Next comes the Promontory of Juno-, 

 and the port of Ba^sippo^ ; the towns of Boelo'' and Mellaria". 

 at which latter begin the Straits of the Atlantic ; Carteia*^^, 

 called by the Grreeks Tartessos^ ; and the mountain of Calpe. 

 Along the coast of the inland sea^ is the town of Barbesula" 

 with its river ; also Salduba^" ; the town of SueP^ ; and then 

 Malaca^^, with its river, one of the federate towns. Next to this 

 comes Msenoba^^, with its river ; then Sexifirmum^^, surnamed 



^ In the Fourth Book, c. 36. ^ The present Cape Trafalgar. 



* Hardouin says that the present Vejer is the place meant, while others 

 have suggested Puerto de Santa Maria, or Cantillana. Others again 

 identify it with Bejer de la Frontera, though that place probably Ues too 

 far inland. • The Roman ruins near IPorto Barbato were probably its site. 



* Hardouin and other commentators suggest that the site of the pre- 

 sent Tarifa is here meant ; it is more probable however that D'Anville is 

 right in suggesting the now deserted town of Bolonia. 



^ Probably the present Tarifa. 



^ The exact site of Carteia is imkiiown ; but it is generally supposed 

 to have stood upon the bay which opens out of the straits on the west of 

 the Rock of Gribraltar, now called the Bay of Algesiras or G-ibraltar ; and 

 upon the hill at the head of the bay of El Rocadillo, about half-way 

 between Algesiras and Gribraltar. 



7 We learn also from Strabo, that Tartessus was the same place as 

 Carteia; it is not improbable that the former was pretty nearly the 

 Phoenician name of the place, and the latter a Roman corruption of it, 

 and that in it originated the 'Tarshish' of Scripture, an appellation 

 apparently given to the whole of the southern part of the Spanish penin- 

 sula. Probably the Greeks preserved the appellation of the place more 

 in conformity with the original Phoenician name. 



^ By the "inland sea" Phny means the Mediterranean, in contra- 

 distinction to the Atlantic Ocean without the Straits of Cadiz. 



'^ The ruuis of tlais place, probably, are still to be seen on the east bank 

 of the river Guadiaro, here alluded to. 



^^ With its river flowing by it. This place is probably the present 

 MarbeUa, situate on the Rio Verde. 



" Probably the present Castillo de Torremohnos, or else Castillo de 

 Fuengii'ola. 



^2 The present city of Malaga. Hardouin thinks that the river Gua- 

 dalquivirejo is here meant, but as that is some miles distant fi'om the city, 

 it is more probable that the Guadahnedina, which is much nearer to it, 

 is the stream alluded to. 



13 Not improbably Velez Malaga, upon a river of the same name. 

 Hardouin thinks that the place is the modern Torrox on the Fiu Frio, j 

 and D'Anville the present city of Almvmecar, on the Rio Verde. i 



" Most probably the present Almunecar, but it is imcertain. D'An- | 



