172 pliky's nattjeal histoet. [Book III. 



peoples belonging to the Cantabri, Juliobriga^ is tbe only 

 place worthy of mention ; and of the ten states of the An- 

 trigones, Tritium and Yirovesca=^. The river Areva^ gives 

 its name to the Arevaci ; of whom there are six towiis, Se- 

 gontia" and Uxama^ names which are frequently given to 

 other places, as also Segovia^ and Nova Augusta, Termes^, 

 and Clunia itself, the frontier of Celtiberia. The remaining 

 portion turns off towards the ocean, being occupied by the 

 Yarduli, already mentioned, and the Cantabri. 



Next upon these touch the twenty-two nations of the 

 Astures, who are divided into the Augustani^ and the Trans- 

 montani, with the magnificent city of Asturica. Among 

 these we have the Cigurri^ the Psesici, the Lancienses^", and 

 the Zoelae". The total number of the free population amounts 

 to 240,000 persons. 



The jurisdiction of Lucus^^ embraces, besides the Celtici 

 and the Lebuni, sixteen different nations, but little known 



1 This was the chief city of the Cantabri. It has been ah-eady men- 

 tioned, but we may add that it stood near the som^ces of the Ebro, on 

 the eminence of EetortUlo, south of Reynosa. Five stones still mark 

 the boundaries wliich divided the territory from that of the Fourth Legio. 



2 Supposed to be the present Briviesca; the site of Tritiimi does not 

 appear to be known, but it has been suggested that it was near Najara, 

 in the vicinity of Logrono. 



3 It does not appear to be certain whether the Areva was the present 

 Ucero, or the Arlanzon, which flows near Yalladohd. 



4 The modern Siguenza. 



5 Now El Burgo d'Osma, in the province of Soria. 



6 This must not be mistaken for the modem Segovia, between Madrid 

 and ValladoUd : it was a small town in the vicinity of Numantia. 



' Probably the present Lerma, on the river Arlanza. 



8 The people of Asturica Augusta, now Astorga, in the province of 

 Leon, The ruins of this fine city are said still to give a perfect idea of a 

 fortified Roman town. 



9 Their chief city stood on the site of the present Cigarrosa, or San 

 Estevan de Yal de Orres. Its ruins are still to be seen, and a Roman 

 bridge, the people preserving a tradition that an old town once stood 

 there called Guigurra. 



10 The people of Lance or Lancia, probably the present Lollanco or 

 MansiUa; though Oviedo has been suggested. This however may be 

 the Ovetum mentioned by Pliny in B. xxxiv. c. 17. ^ 



" Mentioned by Pliny in B. xix. c. 2, as famous for then- flax. Their 

 locahty near the coast does not appear to be exactly known. The Psesici 

 previously mentioned were situate on the peninsula of Cabo de Penas. 



^ Now the city of Lugo in GaUicia. 



