Chap. 30.] ACCOTJNT OF COUNTRIES. ETC. 266 



The breadth of Illyrieum^ at its widest part is 325 miles, 

 and its length from the ri^'er Arsia to the river Driiiius 

 530 ; from the Drinius to the Promontory of Acroceraunia 

 Agrippa states to be 175 miles, and he says that the entire 

 circuit of the Italian and Illyrian Gulf is 1700 miles. In 

 this Gridf, according to the limits which we have drawTi, 

 are two seas, the Ionian' in the first part, and the Adiiatic, 

 which runs more inland and is called the Upper Sea. 



CHAP. 30. — ISLANDS OF THE IONIAN SEA AND THE ADRIATIC. 



In the Ausoniau Sea there are no islands worthy of 

 notice beyond those which we have already mentioned, and 

 only a few in the Ionian ; those, for instance, upon the Cala- 

 brian coast, opposite Brundusium, by the projection of which 

 ■ i harbour is formed ; and, over against the Apulian coast, 

 Diomedia^, remarkable for the monument of Diomedes, and 

 another island called by the same name, but by some Teutria. 



^ Ajasson remarks here that the name of Illyricum was very vaguely 

 used by the ancients, and that at diiferent periods, ditterent countries 

 were so designated. In Pliny's time that region comprised the country 

 between the Arsia and the mouth of the Drilo, bounding it on the side 

 of Macedonia. It would thus comprehend a part of modern Carniola, 

 with part of Croatia, Bosnia, Dalmatia, and Upper Albania. In later 

 times this name was extended to Noricum, Pannonia, Moesia, Dacia, 

 Macedonia, Thessalia, Achaia, Epirus, and even the Isle of Crete. 



2 Here meaning that part of the Mediterranean whi-h lies between 

 Italy and Greece south of tlie Adriatic. In more ancient times the 

 Adi'iatic was included in the Ionian Sea, which was probably so called 

 from the Ionian colonies which settled in Cephallenia and the other 

 islands on the western coast of Greece. 



3 More properly " Diomedese," being a group of small islands off the 

 coast of Apulia now called Isole di Tremiti, about eighteen miles from 

 the mouth of the Fortore. Tliey were so called from the fable that here 

 the companions of Diomedes were changed into birds. A species of sea- 

 fowl (which Pliny mentions in B. x. c. 44) were said to be the descend- 

 ants of these Greek sailors, and to show a great partiahty for such 

 persons as were of kindred extraction. See Ovid's Metamorphoses, 

 B. xiv. 1. 500. The real number of these islands was a matter of dispute 

 with the ancients, but it seems that there are but three, and some mere 

 rocks. The largest of the group is the island of San Dojiienico, and the 

 others are San Nicola and Caprara. The small island of Pianosa, eleven 

 miles N.E., is not considered one of the group, but is ncjt improbably 

 the Teutria of PHny. San Domenico was the place of bunisluucnt of Julia, 

 the licentious daughter of Augustus. 



