:niap. 17.] ACCOUNT OF COTJNTEIES, ETC. 301 



;lie level plain of the adjacent country into tlie sea, a distance 

 )f seventy-five' miles ; its circumference at its base being loO 

 niles in extent. There was formerly upon its summit the 

 ^oxs-n of Acroathon-: the present towns are TJranopolis 

 Pala^orium, Thvssus, Cleonc^\ and Apollonia, the uihabitants 

 3f which have the surname of Macrobii^ The town also_ ot 

 Cassera, and then the other side of the Isthmus, after Avhich 

 pome Acanthus^ Stagira", Sithone^ Heraclea^ and the coun- 

 try of Mygdonia that lies below, in which are situate, at some 

 distance 'from the sea, Apollonia'" and Arethusa. Again, upon 

 the coast we have Posidium'', and the bay with the town oi 

 Cermorus, Ampllipolis'^ a free town, and the nation ot the 



1 This is a mistake. It is only forty miles in length. From Lieut. 

 Smith {Journal of Royal Geogr. Soc. vol. vii. p. 65) we learn that its 

 average breadth is about fom- miles ; consequently Phny s statement as to 

 its circumference must be greatly exaggerated. Juvenal Sat x. 1. 174 

 mentions the story of the canal as a specunen of Greek falsehood ; but 

 distinct traces havie sm-vived, to be seen by modern traveUers, aU the way 

 from the GuK of Monte Santo to the Bay of Erso m the Gult ot Lon- 

 tessa, except about 200 yards in the middle, winch has been probably 



^s^'cTr^ Acrothoum. Phny, with Strabo and Mela, errs in thinking that 

 it stood on the mountain. It stood on the peninsula only, probably on 



the site of the modern Lavra. , . . t^ r a^a 



3 Or the ' Heaven City,' from its elevated position. It was lounclea 

 by Alexarchus, brother of Cassandcr, king of Macedon. 



4 Probably on the west side of the peninsula, south of Thyssus. 



5 Or " long-lived." , i . -i i i i^ 



6 Kow Erisso ; on the east side of the Isthmus, about a mde and a halt 

 from the canal of Xerxes. There are ruins here of a large mole 



7 A httle to the north of the Istlmms now caUed Stavro. It was tlie 

 birth-place of Aristotle the philosopher, commonly called the Stagi- 

 rite, and was, in consequence, restored by Phihp by whom it, had been 

 des royed ; or, as Pliny says in B. vii. c. 30, by Alexander the Gmit- 



8 The nkme of the central one of the three peninsulas projecting from 

 ChalcicUce. The poets use the word Silhonius frequently as sigmiymg 



'^s'poSly not the same as theHcraclea Sintica previously mentioned. 

 10 Now ckUed PoUina, south of Lake Bolbe, on the road from Thes- 



'^J^l^^'Son or Neptune. Now Capo Stavros in Thessaly, 

 the west front of the Gulf of Pagasa, if indeed this is the place hero 



"''2''on the left or eastern bank of the river Strymon wliieh flowed round 

 it, whence its name Amphi-poUs" round the -ty." Its site is now oc- 

 cupied by a village called Neokhorio, m Turkish Jeni-Kcm or JNew 



