Cliap. 3.] ACCOUNT OF COUNTEIES, ETC. 389 



"We here find tliree promontories ; the "Wliite Promontory', 

 the Promontory of Apollo^, facing Sardinia, and that of 

 Mercury^, opposite to Sicily. Projecting into tlie sea these 

 headhmds form two gnlfs, the first of which bears the name 

 of "Hipponensis" from its proximity to the city called 

 Hippo Dirutns"*, a corruption of the Greek name Diarrhy- 

 tus, which it has received from the channels made for irriga- 

 tion. Adjacent to this place, but at a greater distance from 

 the sea-shore, is Theudalis*, a towTi exempt from tribute. 

 We then come to the Promontory of Apollo, and upon 

 the second gulf, we find Utica^, a place enjoying the rights 

 of Eoman citizens, and famous for the death of Cato ; the 

 river Bagrada*", the place called Castra CorneKa^, the co- 



one-thii'd of the globe, but also in contradistinction to the proconsular 

 province of the Roman empire of the same name, which contained not 

 only the province of Zeugitana, but also those of Nmnidia, 13yzacium, 

 and Ti'ipohs. 



1 Candidum : now Ras-el-Abiad. 



^ The references to this headland identify it with Cape Farina, or Eas 

 Sidi Ali-al-Mekhi, and not, as some have thought, the more westerly Cape 

 Zibeeb or Ras Sidi Bou-Shoushe. Shaw however applies the name of 

 Zibeeb to the former. ^ ]Nfow Cape Eon, or Kas-Addar. 



■* More properly called Hippo Diarrhytus or Zariliis, a Tyrian colony, 

 situate on a large lake wliicli communicated with tiie si-a, and received 

 the waters of another lake. Its situation exposed it to frequent inunda- 

 tions, whence, as the Greeks used to state, the epithet ciappvros. It 

 seems more probable however that this is tlie remnant of some Phoeni- 

 cian title, as the ancients were not agreed on the true form of the name, 

 and of this imcertahity we have a fiu'ther proof in tlie U'qipo Dirutus 

 of our author. 



^ This is placed by Ptolemy to the south-east of Hippo, and near the 

 southern extremity of Lake Sisar. 



^ Tliis important city stood on the north part of tlie Carthaginian 

 Gulf, west of the mouth of the Bagrada, and twenty-seven Roman miles 

 N.W. of Carthage ; but the site oC its ruins at tlie modern Bou-Shater is 

 now inland, m consequence of the changes made by tlie Bagrada in the 

 coast-line. In the Third Punic war Utica took part with the Romans 

 against Carthage, and was rewarded with the greater part of the Car- 

 thaginian territory. 



' Kow called the Mejerdah, and though of very inconsiderable- size, the 

 chief river of the Cartliaginian territory. The main stream is formed 

 by the union of two branches, the southern of whieh, the ancient Bagrada^ 

 is now called the Melhg, and in its upper C(jurse the Meskianah. The 

 other branch is called the Hamiz. 



^ Or the " Cornehan Camp." The spot wlu re Cornelius Scipio A.''ri.^a- 



