426 pli^t's natural HISTOET. [Book Y. 



terior ; and Joppe\ a city of the Phoenicians, which existed, 

 it is said, before the deluge of the earth. It is situate on 

 the slope of a hill, and in front of it lies a rock, upon which 

 they point out the vestiges of the chains by which Andro- 

 meda was bound^. Here the fabulous goddess Ceto^ is 

 worshipped. Next to this place comes Apollonia^, and 

 then the Tower of Strato^, otherwise Csesarea, built by 



2 Chron. xxvi. 6 (where it is called Jabneh in the EngHsh version), as one 

 of the cities of the Pliilistines taken and destroyed by King Uzziah. The 

 place of this name that lay in the interior, is probably the one spoken of 

 by Josephus as in that part of tlie tribe of Judah occupied by the cliildren 

 of Dan, as also in the 1 Maccabees, x. 69-71. The one was probably the 

 port of the other. The ruins of the port still retain the name of Yebora, 

 and are situate on an eminence about an hour's distance from the sea, on 

 the banks of the river Rubin. 



^ Or Joppa of Scripture, now called Yafa or Jaffa. The timber from 

 Lebanon intended for both the first and second Temples was landed here. 

 It was taken and retaken more than once dm'ing the wars of the Macca- 

 bees, and was finally amaexed by Pompey to the Roman province of Syria. 

 It is mentioned several times in the New Testament in coimection with 

 Saint Peter. In the Jewish war, having become a refuge for pirates, it 

 was taken by Cestius and destroyed, and even the very ruins were de- 

 mohshed by Yespasian. It was afterwards rebuilt, and in the time of the 

 Crusades was alternately in the hands of the Christians and the Moslems. 



2 To be devom-ed by the sea monster, ft'om which she was dehvered 

 by Perseus, who had borrowed for the occasion the talaria or winged 

 shoes of Mercury. In B. ix. c, 4, Pliny states that the skeleton of the 

 monster was exhibited at Rome by M. ^mihus Scamais, when he was 

 Curule ^dile. 



3 Probably the same as Derceto or Atargatis, the fish-goddess with a 

 woman's head, of the Syrians. 



* Situate between Csesarea and Joppa. It is probable that it owed its 

 name to the Macedonian kings of either Egypt or Syria. Arsuf, a de- 

 serted village, but which itself was of considerable importance in the time 

 of the Crusades, represents the ancient Apollonia. 



5 The site of the Turris Stratonis was afterwards occupied by Csesarea, 

 a city on the coast, founded by Herod the G-reat, and named Ctesarea in 

 honom* of Augustus Caesar. It was renowned for the extent and magni- 

 ficence of its harbour, wliich was secured by a breakwater of stupendous 

 construction. For some time it was considered the principal city of 

 Palestine and the chief seat of the Roman government. Although it 

 again changed its name, as Pliny states, it still retained its name of 

 Csesarea as the Metropohtan See of the First Palestine. It was also of 

 considerable importance during the occupation of the Iloly Land by the 

 Crusaders. Its ruins are still visible, but have served as a quarry for 

 many generations, and Jaffa, Sidon, Acre and Beyrout have been sup- 



