486 PLINT's ]!irATURAL HISTORY. [Book V. 



that Dryussa\ and then Anthemussa^. To these names 

 Aristocritus has added Melamphyllus^ and Cyparissia'* : 

 other WTiters, again, call it Parthenoarussa^ and Stephane^. 

 The rivers of this island are the Imbrasus, the Chesius, and 

 the Ibettes. There are also the fountains of Gigartho and 

 Leucothea ; and Mount Cercetius. In the vicinity of Samos 

 are the islands of Ehypara, Nymphsea, and Achillea. 



CHAP. 38. — CHIOS. 



At a distance of ninety-four miles from Samos is the free 

 island of Chios'', its equal in fame, with a town of the same 

 name. Ephorus says, that the ancient name of this island 

 was ^^thalia ; Metrodorus and Cleobulus tell us, that it had 

 the name of Chia from the nymph Chioiie ; others again say, 

 that it was so called from the word signifying snow^ ; it was 

 also called Macris and Pityusa^. It has a mountain called 

 Pelennseus ; and the Chian marble is well known. It is 125^^ 

 miles in circumference, according to the ancient writers ; Isi- 

 dorus however makes it nine more. It is situate between 

 Samos and Lesbos, and, for the most part, lies opposite to 

 Erythrae". 



The adjacent islands are Thallusa^^, by some writers called 

 Daphnusa'^, CEiiussa, Elaphitis, Euryanassa, and Arginusa, 

 with a town of that name. All these islands are in the vici- 

 nity of Ephesus, as also those called the Islands of Pisistra- 

 tus, Anthinse, Myonnesos, Diarreusa, — in both of these last 

 there were cities, now no longer in existence, — Poroselene^*, 



^ From its numerous oaks. 2 From tlie abundance of its flowers. 



^ " Of dark," or " black foliage ; " in allusion probably to its cypresses. 



^ " Cypress-bearing." 



* This is not improbably a compound, formed by a mistake of the 

 copyists, of the two names, Parthenia and Aryusa, mentioned by 

 Herachdes, 



^ " The Crown." This island was the bu'th-place of Pythagoras. 



7 Now known as Khio, Scio, Saka Adassi, or Saksadasi. Chios was 

 declared free by the Dictator Sulla. *• Xnov, gen. Xiovos. 



^ Macris, from its length, and Pityusa, from its pine-trees. 



^0 Dalechamps says 112 is the correct measm'ement. 



1^ Mentioned in C. 31 of the present Book. 



^2 Meaning " green and flourishing." 



13 " Productive of laurels." None of these islets appear to have been 

 rccogTiized by their modern names. 



^^ By Strabo called Pordoselene. He says that the islands ia its 



