Chap. 3.] THE ART OF MAKING GAIiLANDS. 305 



phiolum." Indeed, it was only by very slow degrees that 

 this last word'^ became generalized, as the chaplets that were 

 used at sacrifices, or were granted as the reward of military 

 valour, asserted their exclusive right to the name of *' corona." 

 As for garlands, when they came to be made of flowers, they 

 received the name of ** serta," from the verb *' sero,"^ or 

 else from our word '* series."® The use' of flowers for gar- 

 lands is not so very ancient, among the Greeks even. 



CHAP. 3. WHO INVENTED THE AET OF MAZING GARLANDS : 



WHEN THEY FIRST RECEIVED THE NAME OF *' COROLLA," AND 

 FOR WHAT REASON. 



For in early times it was the usage to crown the victors in 

 the sacred contests with branches of trees : and it was only 

 at a later period, that they began to vary their tints by the 

 combination^ of flowers, to heighten the effect in turn by their 

 colour and their smell — an invention due to the ingenuity of 

 the painter Pausias, at Sicyon,^ and the garland-maker Gly- 

 cera, a female to whom he was greatly attached, and whose 

 handiwork was imitated by him in colours. Challenging him 

 to a trial of skill, she would repeatedly vary her designs, and 

 thus ii, was in realitj' a contest between art and Nature ; a fact 

 which we find attested by pictures of that artist even still in 

 existence, more particularly the one known as the " Stephane- 

 plocos,"^^ in which he has given a likeness of Glycera herself. 

 This invention, therefore, is only to be traced to later than the 

 Hundredth^' Olympiad. 



Chaplets of flowers being now the fashion, it was not long 

 before those came into vogue which are known to us as 



* Fee makes the word "vocabulum" apply to "corona," and not to 

 " struppus ;" but the passage will hardly admit of that rendering. 



^ "To bind" or "join together." 



6 A " connected line," from the verb "sero." 



■^ By "quod," Hardouin takes Pliny to mean, the use of the word 

 (TTrapTov, among the Greeks, corresponding with the Latin word " sertum." 



^ These chaplets, we learn from Festus, were called " pancarpiae." 

 The olive, oak, laurel, and myrtle, were the trees first used for chaplets. 

 9 See B. XXXV. c. 40. 



ic The " Chaplet-weaver." See B. xxxv. c. 40. 



11 B.C. 380. 



TOL. IV. X 



