Chap. 6.] CHAPLETS. 307 



" If any person has gained a chaplet himself, or by his 

 money,'^^ let the same be given to him as the reward of his 

 prowess.*' There is no doubt that by the words " gained by 

 his money," the laws meant a chaplet which had been gained 

 by his slaves or horses. Well then, what was the honour ac- 

 quired thereby ? It was the right secured by the victor, for 

 himself and for his parents, after death, to be crowned with- 

 out fail, while the body was laid out in the house, ^^ and on its 

 being carried ^^ to the tomb. 



On other occasions, chaplets were not indiscriminately 

 worn, not even those which had been won in the games. 



CHAP. 6. THE SEVERITY OF THE AlfCIEIfTS IN" EEPEEENCE TO 



CHAPLETS. 



Indeed the rules upon this point were remarkably severe. 

 L. Fulvius, a banker,-* having been accused, at the time of 

 the Second Punic War, of looking down from the balcony ^'^ 

 of his house upon the Forum, with a chaplet of roses upon 

 his head, was imprisoned by order of the Senate, and was not 

 liberated before the war was brought to a close. P. Muna- 

 tius, having placed upon his head a chaplet of flowers taken 

 from the statue of Marsyas,'^ was condemned by the Trium- 

 viri to be put in chains. Upon his making appeal to the 

 tribunes of the people, they refused to intercede in his behalf 

 — a very different state of things to that at Athens, where 

 the young men,-^ in their drunken revelry, were in the habit, 



21 "Pecunia." Fee compares this usage with the employment of jockies 

 at horse-races in England and France. 



22 " Intus positus esset." 23 u Poris ferretur." 

 2* Or " raoney-clianger," " argentarius." 



25 "Epergula sua." Scaliger thinks that the "pergula" was a part 

 of a house built oat into the street, while, according to Ernesti, it was a 

 little room in the upper part of a house. In B. xxxv. c. 36, it clearly 

 means a room on the ground-floor. 



26 In the Fora of ancient cities there was frequently a statue of this my- 

 thological personage, with one hand erect, in token, Servius says (on 

 B. iv. 1. 58 of the ^neid), of the freedom of the state, Marsyas having been 

 the minister of Bacchus, the god of liberty. His statue in the Forum of 

 Rome was the place of assembly for the courtesans of that city, who used 

 to crown it with chaplets of flowers. See also Horace i. Sat. 6. 1. 120 ; 

 Juvenal, Sat. 9. 1. 1 and 2; and Martial, ii. Ep. 64. 1. 7. 



2' Cujacius thinks that Pliny has in view here Polemon of Athens, who 

 when a young man, in his drunken revelry, burst into the school of Xeno- 

 crates. the philosoplier, with his fellow-revellers, wearing his festive gar- 



X 2 



