Chap. 56.] THE ATRACTTLTS. 3 .70 



CHAP. 56. (16). THE CAEDUUS, THE ACOR^"A, THE PHONOS, THE 



LEUCACANTHOS, THE CHALCEOS, THE CXECOS, THE POLYACAX- 

 THOS, THE ONOPYXOS, THE HELXINE, THE SCOLTMOS, THE CHA- 

 MiELEON", THE TETEALIX, AND ACANTHICE MASTICHE. 



The carduus^^ has leaves and a stem eovered with a prickly 

 down ; the same is the case, too, with the acorna,^^ the leuca- 

 canthos,^^ the chalceos,*^® the cnecos,"' the polyacanthos,^ the 

 onopyxos/^ the helxine,"*^ and the scolymos ;'^ the chanieeleon,"'^ 

 however, has no prickles npon the leaves. There is, however, 

 this difterence among these plants, that some of them have 

 numerous stems and branches, sucli as the carduus, for in- 

 stance ; while others, again, have a single stem and no branches, 

 the cnecos, for example. Some, again, such as the erynge,"^** 

 are prickly at the head only ; and some blossom in the summer, 

 the tetralix and the helxine, for instance. The scolymos 

 llossoms late, and remains a considerable period in flower : 

 the acorna being distinguished only for its red colour and its 

 unctuous juice. The atractylis Avould be similar in every 

 respect to the last, were it not that it is somewhat whiter, 

 and produces a juice the colour of blood, a circumstance to 

 A\hich it owes the name of "phonos," "'^ given to it by some. 



^^ He probably means the thistle, but possibly the artichoke, imder this 

 name. See B. xix. cc. 19 and 43, and B. xx. c. 99. 



^^ This is probably the same Avith tlie second variety of the "Cnecos," 

 mentioned above in c. o3, the Centanrea lanata, or benedicta. 



*^^ Probably the Carduus leucographus of Linnaeus, 



^^ According to Dalechamps, this is the Echinops ritro of modern 

 botany. ^' See c. 93 of this Book. 



'"■"^ " ]\[any thorns." According to Dalechamps, this is the Carduus spi- 

 nosissimus angustifolius vulgaris of C. Bauhin, the Cirsium spinosissimum 

 of Linnaeus. 



•^3 Identified by Dalechamps with the Onopot-don Illyricum, or Acan- 

 tliium of modern botany. 



'" The Acarna gummifera of modern botanists, the flowers of which 

 yield a kind of gum with an agreeable smell. It is quite a different plant 

 irom Wall pellitory, mentioned in B. xxii. c. 19, under this name. 



''^ See B. XX. c. 99, and B. xxii. c. 43. 



''^ The black chamaBleon is identified by Fee with the Brotera corym- 

 hosa of Willdenow : the white variety, mentioned in B. xxii. c. 21, with the 

 Acarna giiramifera of Willdenow, the Ilelxine above mentioned. Des- 

 fontaines identities it with the Carlina acaulis. 



72* See B. xxii. c. 8. v 



'3 Tlie Greek for "blood" or " slaught'Cr." 

 VOL. IV. A A 



