90 [September, 



Tinea picarella hred. — I have been fortunate in breeding lialf-a-dozen specimens 

 of this insect from fungi this summer. — Id. 



Prolongation of Life in the Pupce of Lyccena lolas. — In June, 1883, a corres- 

 pondent sent me a number of larvae of Lyccena Tolas from Budapest, where this 

 insect is very abundant ; these pupated during the month of July in the same year, 

 and the majority came out in July, 1884, though of course some few of the pupae died. 



Last winter, when clearing out my cage, I noticed one or two of the pupae 

 looking plump and healthy, so I kept them, but did not give them another thought 

 until July 23rd last, when I saw a nice specimen resting on the glass of the cage, 

 this, on examination, turned out to be a S of the form usually taken in North Africa, 

 -/. e., with the ocelli on the under-side of the wings greatly reduced and obscured ; 

 then, to my surprise, about four days later another appeared, this, however, was a 

 nice ? of the ordinary type. 



If we had had a cold summer these pupae would, probably, have died, but that 

 they should have lived through two winters is very interesting, and points to a possi- 

 ble cause of the abundance of some butterflies in certain seasons. — G-. T. Baker, 

 Augustus Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham : August 8th, 1885. 



What is the true Chrysophanus Hippothoe of Linneus ?— In No. 255, p. 64, of 

 this Magazine, Mr. Butler considers that the Linnean species should be Ch. dispar, 

 Haw. {rutilans, Wernbg.). In my" Lepidoptera Scandinaviae, Ehopalocera " (1853), 

 I have already said, " P. Hippothoe auct., non in Siiecia, est repertus, quare synony- 

 miam Linnei citatam, F. S., No. 1046, ad banc speciem — P. Chryseis, W. V. — 

 pertinere credo. Descriptio a illustr. viro, I. c, datanullam differentiam praebet : — 

 Statura P. virgaurecB ut in descriptione Linnei dicitur cum P. Chryseis etiam magis 

 cum P. Hippothoe congruit." 



When I wrote these words, the Scandinavian peninsula had been by no means 

 so fully explored as it now is, and at that time I thought it not impossible that Ch. 

 dispar might be found. I then did not give Ch. Chryseis its Linnean name. During 

 the twenty-two years that have since elapsed, our country has been thoroughly 

 searched, and in no place has Ch. dispar been found. It is, therefore, impossible 

 that such a butterfly can have escaped the observation of the numerous collectors 

 who have since investigated the peninsula. The species that Linneus described in 

 his " Fauna Suecica," should be one that occurs in Sweden : — " Habitat apud nos 

 rarissime " are the words of Linneus. No species other than Ch. chryseis has been 

 found in Sweden to which the Linnean description is applicable. Messrs. Staudinger 

 and Kirby are thus right in giving to Ch. Chryseis the name Hippothoe of Linneus. 

 Ch. dispar does not occur in Denmark, nor in Finland, but Ch. Chryseis is found in 

 both. In Sweden and Norway Ch. CAr^^eis is nowhere common, but occurs here and 

 there in the southern and middle provinces, and I am sure it is the P. Hippothoe 

 of Linneus. Dalman, in his " Uppstallning af Sveriges Fjarilar" (1816), also says, 

 concerning P. Hippothoe ( = dispar) : — " anne unquam in Suecia inventa haec 

 species ?, mihi numquam obvia, quare fere crediderim synon. Linnei forte ad sequen- 

 tem (= Chryseis) pertinere." — H. D. J. Wallengren, Farhult, near Mjohult, 

 Sweden : August 1th, 1885. 



