1880], 147 



examined Lave not presented Dipterous pupa?, nor the remains of any 

 Dipterous insect ready to emerge. We are thus left somewhat in the 

 dark as to the real nature of the gall-maker, and it is very desirable 

 that specimens of the galls in alcohol be examined. 



The second figure (p. 146) represents galls on a species of Eucalyp- 

 tus also forwarded by Baron Ferdinand von Mueller, much reduced in 

 size. At first sight each gall remiuds one of a distorted fruit or 

 capsule, but Dr. Masters is of opinion that (from their position) they 

 are not modified buds either of leaf or flower. On the twig before me 

 the galls are placed unilaterally, with the exception of the lowest of 

 j the series. Each gall (dried) is somewhat olivaceous in colour (as 

 the leaves). Each measures about 10 lines in length, and about 5 in 

 diameter. Each has four strong angular keels externally, which are 

 \ continued iuto extraordinary processes about 2^ inches long, and 

 j slightly curved at the tips ; occasionally one of these processes is 

 ' aborted or abbreviated, and in one instance a tendency to furcate is 

 I shown. They are extremely hard, and the walls are quite a line in 

 [thickness, and when cut, a very strong odour, like that of intensified 

 < black currant, is very evident. 



Fortunately in this instance it is possible to fix with certainty the 



I Order to which the gall-maker belongs. Baron von Mueller extracted 

 larvae from some similar galls, and forwarded them in fluid. They are 



Lepidopterous. A well-grown larva is about an inch in length, pinky- 

 whitish in colour, somewhat semi-transparent, 

 and without markings, save that there are black 

 [dots on the spiracular region, independent of the black spiracles 

 \ themselves ; the head is pale castaneous. There are eight ventral (in 



! addition to the anal) prolegs. Judging from the general aspect of 

 the larva? I am inclined to refer them to the Pyralidce, but their exact 

 . position must remain doubtful. In those galls opened by me I find 

 the interior entirely occupied by what appears to be an imperfectly 

 i developed chrysalis of the moth, covered with a whitish powdery 

 \ 3ubstance, and greatly distended. Each chrysalis is crammed with 

 j the fully developed pupae of a Hymenopterous parasite of the family 

 \Ohalcididce. In no case is there any orifice through which a 

 | moth could have escaped, but in the middle of the apex, between the 

 j .our horns, there is a very small opening, scarcely sufficient to admit 



I I small pin, which I take to be natural, and serving to supply air, 

 vhich it would be impossible to obtain through the thick hard walls 



, )f the galls, and not made by the parasites, though it might afterwards 

 3e enlarged to admit of the escape of either moth or parasite. The 

 tail-end of the chrysalis is extremely pointed, and placed towards this 

 ninute orifice. 



Lewisham, London : November, 1880. 



