210 [February, 



itself in England may be a parallel case to this, the house sparrow, or some other 

 bird, may be fond of the conspicuous larvae ; for I do not think it is cut off by 

 climatic causes from our island on account of having reached the limit of its 

 distribution, and the food plant we know is there. 



Of the winter of Hakodate I have made some notes elsewhere, and will merely 

 remark that although it is much more severe than any weather ever felt in England, 

 snow remains on the land three or four feet in thickness for two or three months, 

 which protects both vegetation and animal life. Last spring near Fujiyama I took 

 some snow off a mossy log, and putting my hand into the rotten wood felt it quite 

 warm and drew out some half-dozen Carabi which had comfortably passed the 

 winter there.— Id. : October, 1880. 



Description of the larva of Euclidia glyphica. — On July 2nd, 1878, I received 

 a good supply of eggs, together with the parent moth, of this species from Mr. Blackall, 

 of Folkestone. The eggs were globular, and distinctly ribbed from the summit to 

 the base : when first deposited they were bright pea-green, but soon changed to dull 

 green, with, on the crown, a large brown blotch, and below this blotch a ring of the 

 same colour. They began to hatch on the 10th of the same month, but the young 

 larva; were not all out before the 13th. 



The newly-emerged caterpillar looks large for the size of the egg, being about 

 three-sixteenths of an inch long, is very lively, and when walking arches its back 

 like that of a Geometer. Colour a dingy semi-transparent pale green, barred with 

 dark brown, or nearly black ; head pale wainscot-brown and polished ; and there are 

 rather long hairs scattered over the bodj. 



They fed up well and rapidly on both the white and red species of clover, and 

 when from an inch to an inch and a quarter in length, I described them as follows : — 



Long and slender for the size of the moth ; body evenly rounded above, 

 flattened below, tapering a little at the extremities ; the head has the lobes rounded, 

 and is a little wider than the second segment ; skin smooth but not polished ; seg- 

 mental divisions well defined ; the anal prolegs extended beyond the fold, and 

 forming a distinct angle. By this time they have lost the true looper style of 

 walking, but are still half-loopers, having no prolegs on segments 7, 8, 11 and 12. 

 The ground colour varies from pale salmon to dull pink, some specimens having a 

 strong yellowish tinge ; a distinct double yellow line, enclosing another very fine 

 still paler line, forms the dorsal stripe ; the anterior point of the pale line on the 

 crown of the head forms the apex of a triangular mark, the base of which is over the 

 mandibles ; the rest of the head is very dark brown ; the sub-dorsal lines are dull 

 bluish, bordered with smoke-colour, and enclose fine pale greyish lines ; below the 

 spiracular stripe is another irregular greyish line ; and below this, but above the spira- 

 cles, is another line of pale bluish, edged with smoke-colour ; the spiracular stripes are 

 yellow, rust colour, or pink, in different specimens. The colours, indeed, vary con- 

 siderably in different examples, in some the blue side-stripes being scarcely dis- 

 cernible ; spiracles black, as are also the tubercular dots, which, though small, can 

 be distinctly seen with a lens. Yentral surface dull dark smoky-purple, with two 

 yellow central lines. 



Most of the larva? were full grown by August 7th. Length, an inch and three- 

 quarters, and the salmon and pink colours of the younger specimens altogether lost. 



