1881.] 31 



of the remainder some appeared at Malta in March and April, and the rest in 

 England in May and June, 1879. The larvae were very subject to the attacks of a 

 fly (sp. ?) ; those so attacked changed to healthy-looking chrysalids, and remained 

 so throughout the winter, but at the beginning of March the affected chrysalids 

 turned a deep bi'ick-red colour, and in a few days disclosed a fly. # 



The following is a description of the full-grown larva : — Length, 1 in. to 1 in. 2 lin. ; 

 cylindrical, very slightly pubescent ; lead colour, thickly irrorated with minute black 

 dots, placed in pairs upon the dorsal region, in fives between the sub-dorsal and 

 spiracular streaks, and irregularly below ; a narrow, yellow, sub-dorsal and spiracular 

 stripe, much brighter at the segmental divisions ; head bluish or bluish-green, with 

 black dots and a yellow spot on each side of the face ; legs and pro-legs paler than 

 the upper surface, the latter with a yellow spot at their base. Chrysalis ashy-brown, 

 with small black spots, and faint yellowish sub-dorsal and spiracular streaks; wing- 

 cases with a dark central shade, and the margins and sheath of proboscis yellowish. 

 Some hours before the perfect insect appears the black wing-spots can be distinctly 

 seen through the sheath. 



Anthocharis Bella, Cr. — Common. First observed 11th May ; another brood in 

 July. A quick-flying insect, and occurring chiefly in rough waste places. The females 

 were observed once or twice depositing their eggs on a dwarfed species of Cruciferce, 

 but although I subsequently examined the plants, and beat them, I failed to discover 

 the larva?. 



Anthocharis cardamines, L. — Very rare. I only observed one specimen, a 

 male, which was captured on the sand-hills near Bulair lines, on 12th May. 



Leucophasia sinapis, L., var. lathy ri, Hb. — Not uncommon in some localities. 

 A delicate weak-flying butterfly. 



Colias Edusa, F. — Very common from May to September, and some of the 

 specimens were remarkably bright. The var. Helice was by no means scarce, and I 

 obtained several fine examples. 



Rhodocera rhamnl, L. — Rare ; a few specimens observed, but only one, a $ , 

 captured. 



Rhodocera Cleopatra, L. — Appai'ently very rare, as only one specimen, a $ , was 

 observed on 13th June flying across the Ak-y-lar valley. Upon looking over a small 

 collection of butterflies made by a midshipman of H.M.S. " Agincourt," I noticed 

 a single male, and was informed that it was captured close to Grallipoli. 



Thecla ilicis, Esp. — Very abundant. The first were observed on the 29th May, 

 and by the 6th June it was out in prodigious numbers, and proved quite a pest, for 

 one could not strike at another species without enclosing five or six of them at the 

 same time. They were most plentiful amongst scattered bushes of stunted Ilex, 

 where they were fond of collecting upon the heads of a sweet-smelling umbel, or upon 

 the pretty purple flowers of the gum cistus. These Turkish specimens appear to 

 belong to a slightly smaller and darker race than those from central Europe, and out 

 of the large number captured there was not a single specimen with the orange blotch 

 on the fore- win gs. 



My friend, Mr. G. C. Bignell, of Plymouth, to whom I serit some of these chrysalids, bred 

 an ichneumon (Anomalon xanthopus) from them. 



