1881.] 95 



Satyr us Statilinus, Hufn., var. Allionia, F. — Common on the downs between 

 Grallipoli and the valley of Ak-y-lar. First taken, 30th July ; males more numerous 

 than the females. 



Pararge Poxelana, Cr. — Common, but local, the first specimens occurring on 6th 

 June, in the valley of Ak-y-lar, in a shady spot by the side of the stream, where I 

 noticed them settling on the trunks, and among the branches of willow trees. When 

 disturbed, they did not fly far, and always alighted on a tree, or branch, and 

 invariably with their heads downwards. All the examples taken on the 6th June 

 were males, and no females were seen until a week or ten days later. I discovered 

 a locality nearer Grallipoli than Ak-y-lar, where they were plentiful, and I was able 

 to note their habits. During the heat of the day they seldom flew, and were only 

 to be obtained by beating bushes, or examining the trunks of trees ; but, late in the 

 afternoon, when it became cooler, they might be seen flitting slowly along hedge- 

 rows, and occasionally pitching on a stone, and expanding their wings to the setting 

 sun. The males were far more numerous than the females. 



Pararge Mara, L. — Scarce and local. Delighted to sit on the face of a rock, 

 exposed to the full glare of the sun. 



Pararge Megcera, L. — Abundant, and larger and brighter than British examples. 



Pararge JEgeria, L. — Rare, only a few observed, and these, to my surprise, did 

 not differ in any way from English specimens, for I had fancied that all south 

 European examples possessed yellowish fulvous spots, as in var. Egerides, Stgr. 



EpinepAele Janira, L. — Yery abundant, and varied considerably. First observed 

 23rd May. 



Epinepliele Tithonus, L. — Rare, 17th July, only one or two. 



Coenonympha Pamphilus, L. — Yery common. Turkish specimens are much 

 larger, and differ considerably in other respects from English examples. Some I 

 captured measure 1 in. 6 lin. in expanse, and the upper wings are broadly margined 

 with brown ; and the under-side of the hind-wings, instead of being brown or grey, 

 are of a uniform pale fulvous, with a marginal row of metallic blue spots. Another 

 variety, of which I only obtained one, is almost white, with broad black margins. 

 There were several broods during the summer. 



Spilothyrus alcea, Esp. — Common throughout the district from April until 

 November. Larvse were found between united leaves of the common mallow, where 

 they were not difficult to detect on the stunted little plants growing among the 

 stones on the almost barren spots where the perfect insects delight to live. The 

 first I observed on 3rd August, but, unfortunately, during my absence for a week at 

 Constantinople, they were neglected, and, upon my return, I found them all dead 

 and shrivelled up. These would probably have produced butterflies the end of 

 August. The next batch of larvse were not obtained until the end of October ; they 

 fed up and became full grown early in November, when they spun open net-work 

 cocoons in the corners of the breeding cage, or among dead leaves and debris at the 

 bottom, remaining as shrunk-up larvae until the middle of January, 1879, when some 

 of them changed to short chestnut coloured chrysalids, with prominent black eyes, 

 and covered with a slight purplish bloom. The following is a description of 

 the full-grown larva : — Length, 11 lin. to 1 in. ; cylindrical, tapering towards 



