4?94< GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS. 
tention under the second branch of our present subject — 
the topographical distribution of insects; namely, their 
Climates, their Range, and their Represejitation. 
i. Entomologists, taking heat for the principal regu- 
lator of the station of insects, have divided the globe 
into entomological climates. Fabricius considers it as 
divisible into eight such climates, which he denominates 
the Indian, Egyptian, Southern, Mediterranean, Northern, 
Oriental, Occidental, and Alpine. The first containing 
the tropics; the second, the northern region immediately 
adjacent; the third, the southern; the fourth, the coun- 
tries bordering on the Mediterranean sea, including also 
Armenia and Media ; the fifth, the northern part of 
Europe interjacent between Lapland and Paris; the 
sixth, the northern parts of Asia where the cold in win- 
ter is intense ; the seventh, North America, Japan, and 
China; and the eighth, all those mountains whose sum- 
mits are covered with eternal snow a . M. Latreille ob- 
jects to this division, as too vague and arbitrary and not 
sufficiently correct as to temperature; and observes, with 
great truth, that as places where the temperature is the 
same, have different animals, it is impossible, in the actual 
state of our knowledge, to fix these distinctions of cli- 
mates upon a solid basis. The different elevations of 
the soil above the level of the sea, its mineralogical com- 
position, the varying quantity of its waters, the modifi- 
cations which the mountains, by their extent, their height, 
and their direction, produce upon its temperature ; the 
forests, larger or smaller, with which it may be covered; 
the effects of neighbouring climates upon it, — are all 
j Philos. Eiitomolo". ix. 5 20. 
