504 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS. 
fined to the latter, where its range is very extensive; — 
in Europe, from South Russia to Italy and Spain ; in 
Asia, from Siberia to India; and in Africa, from the 
shores of the Mediterranean to the Cape of Good Hope ; 
which last continent, to judge from our present lists, es- 
pecially the vicinity of the Cape, may be called the me- 
tropolis of the group 3 . On the other hand, the RutelicUe 
and Chlamys, which have a range from Canada to the 
tropics, (within which is their metropolis,) are purely 
American groups. Many more might be named under 
this head, but these will suffice for examples. 
3. I call those subdominant groups, which either never 
enter the tropics, or those tropical ones whose range 
does not exceed 50° of N. L. in the old world, or 
43° in the new. I make this difference because, as 
M. Latreille observes, the southern insects which in 
Europe begin between 48° and 49° N. L., in America do 
not reach 43°. b But though the winters in Canada, 
within the same parallel as France, are longer and more 
severe than those even of Great Britain or of Germany, 
yet the summers are intensely hot ; so that though tro- 
pical species do not range so high, those of a tropical 
structure, as Mr. W. S. MacLeay has intimated , may 
be found at a higher latitude in the new world than in 
Europe. 
The genus Meloe affords an instance of a subdomi- 
nant group of the first description. It ranges from Swe- 
den to Spain and the shores of the Mediterranean, and 
seems a tribe almost confined to Europe, where it is not 
a Out of 51 species described by Bilberg, 28 are African, and 19 
of these are from the Cape. 
b Gcogr. Gener. des Ins. 18. c Hor. Entomolos. 45. 
