SOMATIC MOSAICS IN LEPIDOPTKRA. 109 



Z. trifolii, Esp., male. Right side typical, left ab. niinoides, Selys., 

 with spots confluent. The specimen, which has well-formed valves on 

 each side, was in Mr. Bright's collection. {I^Jntomdloi/ist, 1909, xlii.j 

 p. 224, fig.) 



Z. trifolii, Esp., female. Right side typical, left with spots 3, 4, 

 and 5 confluent, and 3 nearly confluent with 1 and 2. (Ibid.) 



Si/ntoiins phegea, L., female. Left forewing with Ave white spots, 

 right forewing with three spots. (0. Schultz, Illi(sfr. Zeitaclir. f. hUit., 

 1900, v., p. 72.) 



Pieris napi, L., male. Right forewing with a black middle spot, 

 which is not present on the left. Not a gynandromorph. Cologne. 

 (0. Schultz, IllnHtr. Wochenschr. f. Kiit., 1899, iv., p. 809.) 



Chn/Hophaniis {liioiricia) hupoplda'as, Bdv., male. Left side typical, 

 right side var. fasciata, Streck. {Psyche, 1907, p. 89, tig.) 



Vanessa 'io,,L. Sex not mentioned. Right side typical io, lef t side 

 ab. antii/one, Fischer. (E. Irmscher, Illustr. Zeitschr. f. K)'t., 1899, 

 iv., p. 314.) Irmscher states that it was bred and compares the aber- 

 rant side with the figure of antiijone given by Fischer, ibid, fig. 68. 

 This aberration has been produced by exposing pupsie to cold. 



Kuraitessa aiitiopa, L., ab. Jii/i/iaa, Heydr. Both wings on the left 

 side with a broader yellow border than on the right. Two small blue 

 spots present on the right hindwing, the spots are entirely supplanted 

 on the left by a broader border. Sex not given. Schlesien. (0. Schlultz, 

 Illitstr. Wuclienschr. f. thtt., 1899, iv., p. 310.) The ab. Jnj<ii(ia is some- 

 times produced by cold, but like the other cold forms met with in 

 Vanfssida: is sometimes captured wild or bred under normal conditions. 

 Possibly specimens which can produce the aberrational form differ 

 genetically from the others, but usually require abnormal external 

 conditions in order to show it. 



Afilais unicic, L. Left side melanic, right side normal. Examples 

 wholly normal, and two wholly melanic appeared in the same brood. 

 E. Joy, Folkestone. [Proc. South Pond. hUit. and N. H. Soc, 1887, p. 

 71.) Mr. Joy has kindly lent these to me for examination. The 

 "melanic" ones are the semitransparent violaceous form, and the 

 asymmetrical one is a female with the fulvous colour of the left side, 

 and part of that in the right hindwing dull violet and semitransparent. 

 The fulvous scales are twisted up into a tight spiral and look almost 

 like hairs. There was a similar specimen in the Percy Richards col- 

 lection, with the left side normal and the right side dull brov/n. These 

 cannot be regarded as somatic mutations. 



('aUojihrijs riihi, L., male. Right hindwing underside ab. iiiniuwii- 

 lata, Fuchs., left typical. {Illiistr. Wnciwmvhr. f. Ent., 1899, iv., p. 

 309.) 



Pnli/uuniiatiix icariis, Rott., male. Left side typical, right ab. otso- 

 leta, Clark. (Sabine, p]nto)iiulo<jist, 1887, xx., p. 288.) Other less 

 striking examples in Lycanidae, with one side partially obsolete or 

 striated, have been described, but it is doubtful whether these forms 

 are not pathological. They are often associated with undoubted patho- 

 logical defects. 



Ayriadefi coridon, Poda, female. Right side larger than left, but 

 both well formed. Right side ab. aidiDitia, Tutt, on upper side, and 

 ab. piarixiensia, Gerh., on underside. Left side typical. Royston. 

 {Joani. of CTenetics, 1915, v., p. 90, pi. xxii., figs. 11 and 12.) 



