232 Journal New York Entomological Society. [Vol. xxv. 



the Grylloblattids to the Blattids, I previously emphasized the re- 

 markable structural resemblance between the Grylloblattids and Em- 

 biids in respect to their antennal segments, their cervical sclerites, the 

 dorsal and pleural regions of their thoraces, etc. A study of the 

 terminal abdominal segments and their appendages, however, would 

 indicate that there is much to be said in favor of Walker's view, pro- 

 vided that instead of the Blattids, we consider the Mantids (which are 

 very closely related to the Blattids). Thus, the terminal abdominal 

 segments of the Grylloblattids (fig. i) are very similar to those of the 

 Mantids (fig. 7) in outline, and the same is true of their appendages, 

 the ovipositor and cerci, while the Embiids have no ovipositor, and 

 their cerci are composed of but two segments. In this connection, 

 however, it should be remembered that even within the same order, 

 some members of the group have no ovipositor while others have a 

 well-developed one {e. g., the Gryllids have a well-developed ovi- 

 positor, while the Gryllotalpids have none), and some Plecoptera 

 have cerci composed of many segments, while other Plecoptera 

 have cerci composed of but two segments. On the other hand, the 

 cervical sclerites, and the thoracic sclerites remain remarkably con- 

 stant or unmodified within an order and are therefore of greater im- 

 portance from the standpoint of phylogeny ! Furthermore, some 

 members of the superorder Panplecoptera (notably the Dermaptera) 

 have an ovipositor, and the segments of the cerci of other Pan- 

 plecoptera are very similar in outline to those of the Grylloblattids, 

 as may be seen by comparing fig. 11 with fig. i; so that taking the 

 Panplecoptera as a whole, the Grylloblattids are structurally slightly 

 nearer to them than to the Pandictyptera, to which the Mantids be- 

 long. I would not minimize the remarkably strong resemblance be- 

 tween the Grylloblattids and Mantids, however, and would consider 

 the Grylloblattids as structurally intermediate between the Mantids 

 and Embiids ; but their line of development parallels that of the 

 Embiids somewhat more closely than it does that of the Mantids, so 

 far as the least-varying structures are concerned. 



Within the superorder Panorthoptera, the Grylloblattids are ap- 

 parently nearer to the Gryllid-'' Locustid " group, while the Phasmids 

 are somewhat nearer to the " Acridids." In the superorder Pan- 

 plecoptera, the Embiids are much closer to the Plecoptera, while the 

 Dermaptera and Hemimerids are extremely closely related. In the 



