PASSIFLOREZ:. 53 
History, Uses, &c,—In the Brazils the hermaphrodite 
variety of C. Papaya is called mamao macho (male mamao), 
the fruit-bearing variety mamao femea (female mamao), and a 
cultivated variety of the latter mamao melao (melon mamao). 
The anthelmintic properties of the milky juice were first noticed 
in the 17th century by Hernandez. Its digestive action upon 
meat was probably known in the West Indies at a very early 
date, and appears to have been communicated to the inhabi- 
tants of India upon the introduction of the tree by the Portu- 
guese, as it has long been the practice to render meat tender 
by rubbing it with the juice of the unripe fruit or by 
wrapping it in the leaves. The author of the Makhzan-el- 
adwiya (A.D. 1770) accurately describes the tree, and men- 
tions the use of the juice, mixed with that of fresh ginger, 
for making meat tender. Medicinally, he says, it is a remedy 
for hemoptysis, bleeding piles, and ulcers of the urinary 
passages; if is also useful in dyspepsia ; rubbing the wilk 
in two or three times cures ringworm, or psoriasis (4,5) 
_ causing a copious serous exudation attended with itching. (Op. 
eit. sub voce Papiya.) The attention of the profession in India 
was called to the use of the milk as an anthelmintic in 1810 by 
ee Dr. somiaaarg (Asiatic Researches, Vol. XI.), who cites an inter- 
a sage from the writings of M. Charpentier Cossigni in 
_ support of its alleged virtues, Further confirmatory evidence 
has more recently been adduced by M. Bouton (Med. Plants of 
Mauritius, 1857, p. 65), and it may justly be concluded that 
the statements as to its efficacy as an anthelmintic are founded 
on fact. The following mode of administration employed by 
the late Dr, Lemarchand, of the Mauritius (cited by Bouton), 
it would be desirable to adopt in all future trials with this 
remedy. Take of fresh Papaw milk, honey, of each a table- 
spoonful; mix thoroughly, gradually add three or four table- 
spoonfuls of boiling water; and when sufficiently cool take the 
whole at a draught, following its administration two hours sub- 
P sequently by a dose of castor oil, to which a portion of. lime- > 
juice or vinegar may be added. This may be repeated twodays 
successively if required, The above is a dose for an e 
