120 UMBELLIFERZ. 
known to the Hindus before the introduction into India ag 
nary caraways he named them Carum nigrum (Him. Bot. 228 
Stewart reduces Royle’s CO. nigrum to C. Carui, and in 
view he appears to be supported by Mr. C. B. Clarke in 
Flora of British India. Thesame variety of caraway is know 
in Persia as Zireh-i-siyah, and as it is principally cultivated i 
the neighbourhood of Kirman, is also called Zireh-i-Kirmfni. 
The European caraway is first mentioned by the Arabian 
under the name of Carawiya. Ibn Sina, Edrisi and Ibn Ba 
tar all treat of it as distinct from cumin. ‘The «apov of 
Greeks, so often identified with the caraway, appears to hav 
been quite a different plant, as it afforded a root in common U 
as a vegetable which Paulus Algineta classes with pa 
and carrots. The Mabometan physicians derive the 
Karawiya or Kuroya from the Syrian Karui, and give éppé 
the Greek for caraways, a word applied by Greek and 
writers to several of the products of Armenia. They des 
diuretic and anthelmintic. A caraway bath is recomme 
for painful swellings of the womb, and a poultice for p 
aud protruding piles. 
Description.—The fruits are ovoid, slightly arched, 
ally compressed, crowned by the style; they vary in size, 
are generally about 1-6th of an inch long and 1-20th in 
meter. Thecolour is brown, but the ribsare of a lighter 01 
than the furrows. The me 
