124 } UMBELLIFERZ. 
glucose and Apigenin (66°13 per cent. C. 3°9H.). From these — 
numbers Lindenborn inferred that apigenen is isomeric with 
quinone, and assigned to apiin the formula C'?H'*0’, repres 
ing its decomposition by the equation, C!'%H'*07+ 
=C°H*0?+C°H""0*%, Quite recently apiin has been fart 
whose results agree in the main with those of Lindenborn, hi 
analysis of apiin giving 53°55 per cent. C., 5°36 H., and 
of apigenin 65°12—66-21 C., and 3°75 —3°91 H. 
Apiin is slightly soluble in cold, easily in hot water, st 
more easily in hot alcohol, insoluble in ether; from the aque 
or alcoholic solution, it always separates by slow cooling in 
form of a jelly. It dissolves in alkalies with a light yello 
colour. Its hot aqneous solution gives no precipitate with silve 
nitrate, lead nitrate, or copper sulphate, a brown-red precipi 
with ferric chloride, a blood-red coloration with ferrous sulph 
Apiin is powerfully dextrogyrate, its specific rotatory p 
for yellow light being + 178°. (Gmelin’s Handb. 16, 94; We 
Dict. of Chem. VIIL., Pt. I., 117.) The seeds and herb yie 
colourless or pale yellow essential oil, sp. gr. 0-881. Apiol ¢ 
Parsley camphor, which has lately been obtained from parsle 
seeds, is also found in those of Celery, 
Commerce.—Value, Rs. 6 per Surat maund of 374 Ibs. 
-FCENICULUM VULGARE, Gartn, 
Fig.—Renil. and Trim., t. 123, Fennel (Eng.), Fenouil (F ‘ 
Hab.—Cultivated in India. ‘The fruit and root. 
Vernacular.—Bari saunf (Hind.), Panmohuri ( Beng.), Wi 
riarf (Guz.), Bari-shopha (Mar.), Shombu (Tam.), Sopu (T 
Somp (Can.), 
History, Uses, &c.—Fennel is identified by Mahome 
writers as the rapabov of the Greeks, who also called it ud 
It is mentioned by Hippocrates and Dioscorides as a di 
and emmenagogue, and the jnice was Supposed to shai 
eyesight. Nicander and Pliny mention certain supe 
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