body crowned by the stylopodium and calycinal tecth; each 
mericarp has five very prominent convoluted ridges, and. mea 
_ Section of the mericarp shows five large irregularly formed 
ribs traversed by as many bundles of vessels, two more bundl 
140 ‘UMBELLIFER. 
‘sures 5°8.m.m. in .length, and 8:4 m.m. in breadth, # 
colour is a dirty yellow ; under pressure the fruit separates int 
two halves which remain attached to the carpophore. Second- 
ary ribs are not present. Under the microscope a transve 
are to be found on each side of the narrow uneven fissure 
surface. The rest of the tissue consists of parenchyme cel 
The pericarp incloses the seed, which is surrounded by man; 
large, oval-shaped oil vessels, about 40 in number. This ce 
line bends itself on both sides towards the interior, thus giving 
the seed the : appearance of ahorseshoe. The oil vessels are 
filled with a yellowish-brown oil, having an odour of caraw. 
The endosperm consists of a series of rows of many-s 
cells, containing a fatty oil and grains of aleurone; it surrou 
the embryo, which is dark brown and rather lara. Stare: 
not present. (H. Lojander Archiv. d. Pharm. 1887.) 
Chemical composition.—An examination of the air-dried fru 
resulted in the detection of the following constituents :— iz 
An essential oil. 
Traces of fixed oil, 
Resins. 
Traces of an alkaloid. 
Quercitrin in large amount. 
An ethereal salt of valerie acid. 
Sixty pounds of the fruit were distilled with water in tr 
portions, the water from the distillate of the first distilla 
being used with the second portion of fruit, Tho oil was alt 
entirely soluble in the water of the distillate, and had to be sepa 
rated by shaking with cther. e yield was very small, abot 
half an ounce. The ethereal oil recalled both the odour 
menthol and xanthoxylon oil with an after odour of caray 
it was a mixture of more than one oil, but the Amount 
disposal was not sufficient to admit of thorough fracti 
distillation: it was. = lighter than water, i, adi distill 
