‘UMBELLIFERZ. - 147 
sxtractive matter can be used to distinguish the two kinds of 
\safcetida, and also to estimate their worth; Asafcetida of an 
inary commercial quality in tears yields at least 7 per cent. 
extract to petroleum-ether, lump at least 5 per cent. The 
volatile constituents should not be less than 5 per cent, in 
tear or 3 per cent. in lump Asafcetida. Good Indian Asafce- 
tida should yield at least 11 per cent. to petroleum-ether, and 
this residue should not lose more than 6 per cent. when heated 
to 120° 
Fluckiger has obtained from Hing a reddish essential oil 
aving a specific gravity of 1:02 at 25 C., and deviating 38:8 
the right, when examined in a column of 100 millimetres in 
ngth. 
_ Commerce.— Hing is known in the Bombay market as Abu- 
shaher{ Hing ; it arrives in skins which contain about 100 Ibs.; 
tterly some boxes have been received. The quality varies 
reatly, inferior parcels contain an undue portion of the 
oot ; 3 in Bombay it is often still farther adulterated by mixing 
| moistened, the gum is then added, and the whole trodden 
ether by men with naked feet upon a mat. When suffi- 
tly mixed, it is sewn up in skins to imitate the original 
ackages. Recently adulteration with sliced potato has been 
observed, Hing of good quality is worth about Rs. 80 per 
- FERULA FCEETIDA, Regel. 
Fig.—Bentl. and Trim., t. 127; Trans. Linn. Soc. 2d. Ser. 
Botany, Vol. wi., Pt. ¢., pl. 12, 18, 14. 
Hab.—Persia, Afghanistan. The gum-resin. 
Vernacular.—Hing (Hind.), Hingra ele Ee Pe 
yam (Tam.), Ingava (Tol.), Ingu (e an.) ve 
History, Uses, &e.— ‘0 
lant in Western A 
