nally irregularly wrinkled and — = lege white 
260 © COMPOSITA. 
principie, helenin, has been introduced into medical use, — 
and is said to possess remarkable antiseptic properties; it is — 
recommended as a gargle in ozena and internally in diseases ~ 
of the respiratory organs for reducing inflammation. It is 
said to speedily relieve chronic bronchitis, and has also been 
employed in anthrax and acid dyspepsia, Korab claims for — 
helenin a power of destroying bacilli ais de Therap. ciii. a7 
The dose of this principle is from 4 to 4 of a grain. 
It is imposible to determine whether Hlecampane was known a 
to the ancient Hindus, but the old Persian name Résan leads — 
us to suspect that it was possibly the original Rdsna of the 
Hindu Materia Medica, although entirely different roots are — 
now in use under that name. It is significant that Gandha- 
mula, i.e. “ aromatic root,” is a synonym for the rasna of the — 
Nighantas, whilst the roots actually in use are not aromatic; 
the properties also attributed to these roots in the same books — 
are those of Elecampane and not of the inert roots now in use 
in the plains of India, 
. 
‘ Be, 
Inula racemosa, Hook. f., a native of the Western — 
Himalayas and Cashmere, is used in veterinary medicine in 
those parts, as a-tonic and stomachic ; its aves closely resemble 
in properties those of I. Helentum, 
Aitchison informs us that I, Royleana, DC., a native of a 
? 
the same districts, is largely used to adulterate Costus. 
Pulicaria crispa, Benth. (Inula quadrifida, Ham.), a 
native of the Punjab and Upper Gangetic plain, is called Phat- 
mer or Phatmel in Hindi (mz, a rent, and ¥s, union), and — 
according to Stewart is used as a vulnerary. 
Description.—The root of I. Helenium is about 6 inches © 
long and 1 or 2 inches thick, divided below into branches 6. 
to 12 inches long and 4 to 1 inch thick, very fleshy, in com- 
merce always sliced either longitudinally or transversely. 
The longitudinal slices have the bark overlapping; the : : 
transverse slices are concave, somewhat radially striate; exter- 
+i 
a 
