288 COMPOSITZ:. 
from camphor or from cumin oil in density and the -properties 
of the sulphonic acid’ derived from it. (Alder Wright.) 
Cymene is also formed, though in smaller quantity, by treating — 
absinthol with zinc chloride. 
Commerce,—Afsantin is imported from Persia; the entire 
plant is found in the bales, and owing to its toughness, 18 — 
seldom much broken. 
Value.—Rs, 5 to Rs. 7 per Surat maund of 37% lbs. 
 Atremisia vulgaris is not an article of commerce. 
ARTEMISIA MARITIMA, Linn. 
Fig —Bentl. and Trim., t. 157. Wormsced (Eng.), Semen- 
cine, Barbotine (Fr.). 
Hab.—Northern Asia. The flower heads. 
Vernacular.—Kirméni-ajamo (@uz.), Kirmani-ova (Mar-), 
_ Shih (Arad.), Kirmélé (Hinid.). : 
History, Uses, &c.—The Sanskrit name of tbis plant 
is said by some to be Gadadhara, but it appears in the Nighantas 
under the name of Jayaniya ‘‘ Grecian,” with the Hindi synonym _ 
Kirmél4, evidently a corruption of Kirmén, the name of the 
“province in Persia from which it is imported into India; it 1s 
described as a vermicide. A. maritima is the c«pidov and 
apirdiov Gaddagciov of Dioscorides, and was used by the Greeks and 
Romans to expel intestinal worms. It was probably first known 
in Egypt, as Pliny states that those initiated in the mysteries of 
__ Isis used to carry a branch of it in their hands, Arabian and 
Persian physicians describe wormseed under the name of Shih, 
givignas synonyms, Sarifiin and Afsantin-el-bahr; it is pre- 
scribed in doses of 2 to 3 dirhems as an anthelmintic, and also 
as a deobstruent and stomachic tonic. In the form of a poultice 
they use it to relieve the pain caused by the bites of scorpions 
and other venomous reptiles. The Persian name is Darmanah. 
The wormseed of the Indian market -has been examined by © 
Hanbury, who considers that. it does not materially ‘differ from 
the Russian drug, but is slightly shaggy and mixed with 
